WhatsApp has been completely banned in Russia due to its non-compliance with local laws, following a campaign by the Kremlin for foreign technology firms to adhere to Russian regulations. The ban comes after six months of pressure from the government, which has also designated Meta as an extremist organization. In response, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov has promoted MAX, a state-backed messaging service, as an alternative, despite concerns about its potential use for surveillance. Access to WhatsApp has been blocked without a VPN, leading to protests in Moscow for unrestricted internet. Some users are willing to continue using WhatsApp with a VPN until they switch to MAX. The crackdown on WhatsApp began in August, citing its failure to cooperate with law enforcement and ongoing violations of Russian law, resulting in fines and a requirement for the company to establish a local office.