PostgreSQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) known for its robust capabilities and support for advanced SQL features. It accommodates a wide range of data types, including integers, monetary values, arrays, JSON, and geospatial data. PostgreSQL efficiently manages data using tables, where rows represent records and columns define attributes, with schemas governing their structure and relationships. It adheres to ACID principles for reliable transaction management and includes advanced features like stored procedures, triggers, user-defined functions, and replication capabilities. PostgreSQL is suitable for large-scale deployments, offering functionalities such as parallel query execution, replication, and clustering. It integrates with various data tools and programming languages, making it compatible with diverse applications. PostgreSQL is often compared to MySQL, excelling in handling complex queries and advanced data types, while MySQL offers a simpler setup. PostgreSQL serves as a mature alternative to proprietary systems like Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server and is primarily used for storing and managing structured data, supporting complex queries and transactions. It is designed to efficiently manage large datasets and numerous users, allowing for both vertical and horizontal scaling.