In 2012, a novel bootkit targeting Mac OS X systems emerged, infiltrating the EFI firmware. A basic bootkit for Windows 8 also appeared, compromising the UEFI bootkit. By 2013, a more sophisticated UEFI bootkit named Dreamboat was introduced for Windows. The first documented real-world UEFI attack occurred in 2018 with the malware LoJax, linked to a Kremlin-backed hacking group. In 2020, the second known UEFI malware, MosaicRegressor, was discovered, which verified the presence of a malicious file upon each reboot. New UEFI bootkits like ESpecter, FinSpy, and MoonBounce have since emerged. In response to the threat of UEFI bootkits, Microsoft collaborated with manufacturers to implement Secure Boot, a protocol that uses cryptographic signatures to ensure the integrity of firmware during startup.