antitrust laws

On July 22, 2026, Google Play will launch its Play Catalog Access program, allowing third-party Android stores in the U.S. to access app listings from the Google Play Store, including names, icons, descriptions, screenshots, and metadata. Developers will be automatically enrolled unless they opt out by the deadline. The program enables these stores to showcase app listings while downloads will still occur through Google Play Console, ensuring Google’s service fee applies. All downloaded apps will undergo Play Protect scanning, and enrolled stores must prevent malware distribution, maintaining a malware installation-attempt rate below one percent. A December 2023 jury verdict found that Google violated federal and California antitrust laws, leading to a Ninth Circuit decision that requires Google to grant third-party app stores access to its catalog, dismantling barriers to competition. The legal battle began in August 2020 when Epic Games sought changes to counter Google's monopolistic practices. A March 2026 settlement introduced a tiered service fee structure, reducing costs for developers from a flat 30 percent commission to 20 percent for new installs and 10 percent for subscriptions. Developers can choose to publish all listings to all enrolled stores, manage stores individually, or opt out entirely. If no action is taken before July 22, Google will automatically share the app's listing with all enrolled third-party stores. The Play Catalog Access program aims to address the cold-start problem faced by alternative stores but does not guarantee a competitive ecosystem, as third-party stores must still create compelling user experiences to attract customers.