assembly language Archives

Winsage

June 7, 2026

RetroPad is a ‘full-feature-parity version of Notepad from XP’ in just 2,749 bytes — x86 assembly coded apps comes from Windows legend Dave W Plummer

Dave W. Plummer has developed a full-feature-parity version of Notepad called RetroPad, written in x86 assembly language, which is 2,749 bytes in size. RetroPad replicates the functionality of the original Notepad from Windows XP and is available on Plummer's GitHub under the Apache 2.0 license. Initially, he managed to reduce RetroPad to 2,686 bytes before adding features like keyboard shortcuts, which increased the size to 2,794 bytes. The original Notepad from Windows XP was approximately 65KB, while later versions of Notepad in Windows 7 to 10 reached sizes of around 190KB to 200KB.

AppWizard

May 23, 2026

Retro enthusiast injects Snake game into vintage S3 graphics card VBIOS — enjoy some serpentum fun while your old PC boots

A retro PC enthusiast modified the VBIOS of an S3 ViRGE DX graphics card to include a version of the classic game Snake, allowing users to play it briefly during system boot. This project, by the YouTube channel Bits und Bolts, involved embedding Snake 512, a compact game written in x86 assembly language. The modification includes a dynamic text splash screen displaying the GPU's operating frequency and prompts users to play Snake or skip to the boot process. The implementation does not support USB keyboards and has no sound during gameplay. The enthusiast also customized the game's colors using hexadecimal values from the VGA color palette.

Winsage

April 14, 2026

Veteran Windows dev shows off AI running on 47-year-old PDP11 with 6 MHz CPU and 64KB of RAM — ‘gloriously absurd’ project runs transformer model written in PDP-11 assembly language

Veteran Windows developer Dave Plummer is using a 47-year-old PDP-11 system with a 6 MHz CPU and 64KB of RAM to train a neural network called ‘Attention 11,’ developed in PDP-11 assembly language. The model is tasked with reversing a sequence of eight digits, requiring it to understand structural rules similar to those used in contemporary large language models like ChatGPT. Plummer emphasizes the importance of optimizing for the system's constraints, stating that constraints drive creative engineering. The model operates with 1,216 parameters and uses fixed-point math with 8-bit precision. After approximately 350 training steps, the model achieved 100% accuracy in the number-reversing task in about 3.5 minutes. Plummer argues that modern AI operates on the same mechanical principles as this vintage machine, just at a much larger scale, and suggests that companies focusing on efficiency and optimization may gain an advantage in the AI landscape.