assembly language Archives

Winsage

August 11, 2026

Microsoft Word 1.1a Runs Natively on Windows 11 on x64

A developer has adapted Microsoft Word 1.1a, originally for 16-bit x86 systems, to run natively on modern 64-bit Windows PCs through a project called “Opus.” This adaptation compiles the original source code into a genuine x64 application, avoiding the use of emulators or virtual machines. The developer translated incompatible segments of the original code, including 16-bit assembly language, into C or C++, while mapping Win16 functions to modern Win32 APIs. The project retains original resources and copyright notices, and is hosted on GitHub without a broad open-source license. Automated testing has been implemented to ensure functionality mirrors the original application. Microsoft has previously published similar historic projects, but this port is an independent effort, providing insights into early Windows software architecture.

Winsage

August 8, 2026

There’s an x64 Port of Microsoft Word 1.1a for Windows

Developer John Marshall has successfully ported Microsoft Word for Windows 1.1a to run on Windows 11 as a native 64-bit executable. This project involved reconstructing the original application from the early 1990s by translating 16-bit Assembly language into C/C++ code and adapting it to modern Win32 APIs. Marshall's work was made possible by Microsoft's release of the source code for Word for Windows 1.1a in 2014. Users interested in setting up the port will need Visual Studio with the C++ workload, the latest Windows SDK, CMAKE version 3.25 or newer, and to execute specific PowerShell scripts provided by Marshall.

Winsage

July 1, 2026

Former Microsoft engineer shrinks Notepad down to size

Dave Plummer, a former Microsoft engineer, has created TinyRetroPad, a minimalist text editor that is only 2.5 kilobytes in size. It aims to provide a simple text editing experience, reminiscent of older software like Notepad, which has become bloated over time with unnecessary features. TinyRetroPad includes essential functions such as Open and Save As dialogs, font selection, and printing capabilities, while using assembly language and the RICHEDIT50W from the WinAPI. The application requires more system resources to run effectively but focuses on maintaining lean code and binaries.

Winsage

June 7, 2026

RetroPad is a ‘full-feature-parity version of Notepad from XP’ in just 2,749 bytes — x86 assembly coded apps comes from Windows legend Dave W Plummer

Dave W. Plummer has developed a full-feature-parity version of Notepad called RetroPad, written in x86 assembly language, which is 2,749 bytes in size. RetroPad replicates the functionality of the original Notepad from Windows XP and is available on Plummer's GitHub under the Apache 2.0 license. Initially, he managed to reduce RetroPad to 2,686 bytes before adding features like keyboard shortcuts, which increased the size to 2,794 bytes. The original Notepad from Windows XP was approximately 65KB, while later versions of Notepad in Windows 7 to 10 reached sizes of around 190KB to 200KB.

AppWizard

May 23, 2026

Retro enthusiast injects Snake game into vintage S3 graphics card VBIOS — enjoy some serpentum fun while your old PC boots

A retro PC enthusiast modified the VBIOS of an S3 ViRGE DX graphics card to include a version of the classic game Snake, allowing users to play it briefly during system boot. This project, by the YouTube channel Bits und Bolts, involved embedding Snake 512, a compact game written in x86 assembly language. The modification includes a dynamic text splash screen displaying the GPU's operating frequency and prompts users to play Snake or skip to the boot process. The implementation does not support USB keyboards and has no sound during gameplay. The enthusiast also customized the game's colors using hexadecimal values from the VGA color palette.

Winsage

April 14, 2026

Veteran Windows dev shows off AI running on 47-year-old PDP11 with 6 MHz CPU and 64KB of RAM — ‘gloriously absurd’ project runs transformer model written in PDP-11 assembly language

Veteran Windows developer Dave Plummer is using a 47-year-old PDP-11 system with a 6 MHz CPU and 64KB of RAM to train a neural network called ‘Attention 11,’ developed in PDP-11 assembly language. The model is tasked with reversing a sequence of eight digits, requiring it to understand structural rules similar to those used in contemporary large language models like ChatGPT. Plummer emphasizes the importance of optimizing for the system's constraints, stating that constraints drive creative engineering. The model operates with 1,216 parameters and uses fixed-point math with 8-bit precision. After approximately 350 training steps, the model achieved 100% accuracy in the number-reversing task in about 3.5 minutes. Plummer argues that modern AI operates on the same mechanical principles as this vintage machine, just at a much larger scale, and suggests that companies focusing on efficiency and optimization may gain an advantage in the AI landscape.