boot process Archives

Winsage

May 24, 2026

Windows Secure Boot certificates start expiring June 24

Windows Secure Boot is a feature of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) specification that enhances system security by ensuring only trusted software is loaded during the startup sequence. It verifies the digital signatures of boot components to protect against malicious software and unauthorized access. Key aspects include enhanced security by preventing untrusted code execution, compatibility with various hardware and software configurations, and user control over Secure Boot settings for customization.

AppWizard

May 23, 2026

Retro enthusiast injects Snake game into vintage S3 graphics card VBIOS — enjoy some serpentum fun while your old PC boots

A retro PC enthusiast modified the VBIOS of an S3 ViRGE DX graphics card to include a version of the classic game Snake, allowing users to play it briefly during system boot. This project, by the YouTube channel Bits und Bolts, involved embedding Snake 512, a compact game written in x86 assembly language. The modification includes a dynamic text splash screen displaying the GPU's operating frequency and prompts users to play Snake or skip to the boot process. The implementation does not support USB keyboards and has no sound during gameplay. The enthusiast also customized the game's colors using hexadecimal values from the VGA color palette.

Winsage

May 5, 2026

Microsoft confirms Windows 11 may restart multiple times after updates and your PC isn’t broken, as it’s due to Secure Boot 2023

Upon installing the April 2026 Patch Tuesday update, some users experienced two or three reboots, which Microsoft confirmed is intentional due to the installation of Secure Boot 2023 certificates. This behavior is expected for a limited number of devices and is part of the Secure Boot update process. The Secure Boot certificates are replacing older ones issued in 2011, set to expire in June 2026. Users can check their Secure Boot status in the Windows Security app, which indicates the status with green, yellow, or red badges. A green badge means the system is up to date, while yellow and red badges indicate issues with certificate updates. Microsoft is managing Secure Boot certificates on modern PCs, but older machines without OEM support may struggle to receive updates due to firmware limitations.

Winsage

April 28, 2026

Windows 11 Reveals 4 Hidden Features in the Latest Experimental Build

Windows 11 build 26300.8289 has introduced several updates on the Experimental channel, including four undisclosed changes and enhancements to Windows Update. Key features include: - Early support for repositioning the Taskbar, allowing users to place it at the top, left, or right of the screen. - A redesigned Run dialog, which has been updated for the first time in nearly 30 years, featuring a Fluent Design with rounded corners, semi-transparent elements, improved spacing, and support for light and dark themes. The text field is enlarged, and it displays recent commands as users type. This new design is optional and can be enabled through Settings. - A new login animation, replacing animated dots with a solid spinning icon during sign-in, sign-out, shutdown, and restart. - An update in the Settings under Storage, allowing users to toggle between megabytes and gigabytes when resizing volumes. These features are currently not accessible to regular Windows Insiders, indicating ongoing development for future testing.

Winsage

April 9, 2026

Why I stopped using ‘Modern Standby’ on my Windows laptop to save battery overnight

Many newer PCs support a feature called Modern Standby, which allows minimal background processes to continue running during sleep mode, leading to quicker wake-up times but potentially less efficient battery preservation. PCs can operate in one of six states, with S0 indicating full operation and S5 indicating a complete shutdown. Modern Standby (S0 Low Power Idle) turns off the display and most core components while allowing limited background activity, which may vary in effectiveness for battery drain. Traditional Sleep (S3) shuts down the screen and main components but may take longer to resume. Hibernate (S4) saves the current session and powers off completely, while Restart clears memory and resets the operating system. Shut Down (S5) clears memory and terminates processes, using a "soft off" method that retains certain settings for quicker startups through fast boot. Disabling fast boot can be done via the Control Panel. Although Modern Standby can conserve battery, it may not always be effective, as issues with firmware or drivers can prevent the computer from entering a true low-power state. For maximum battery efficiency, using the Shut Down option is recommended, especially with fast boot enabled for quick startups.

AppWizard

April 1, 2026

Running A Game On A PC With No System RAM

The video by PortalRunner explores alternatives for running modern software in environments with limited RAM, particularly in the context of the challenges posed by the absence of DDR5 memory. It discusses various strategies, including: - Testing Linux with specific boot arguments, which can lead to system failures if insufficient RAM is allocated. - Maximizing swap usage on SSDs, which, despite being faster than HDDs, results in sluggish performance due to overhead. - Utilizing video RAM from GPUs as a substitute for system RAM, which also suffers from significant overhead. - Modifying a CoreBoot BIOS image to use CPU cache memory, allowing lightweight software to run without system RAM, although this method raises scalability and practicality concerns. The exploration highlights creative responses to RAM shortages in computing.

Winsage

March 12, 2026

Windows 10/11 Patch Day March: Microsoft delivers the big security update, but as usual, the real message is in the fine print

In March, Microsoft released cumulative security updates for Windows 10 and Windows 11, with support for certain versions continuing until March 2026. The updates include KB5079466 for Windows 11 version 26H1, KB5079473 for versions 24H2 and 25H2, KB5078883 for version 23H2, and KB5078885 for Windows 10 version 22H2. These updates will be distributed via Windows Update, the Microsoft Update Catalog, and WSUS for enterprise environments. This month, Microsoft combined the Servicing Stack Update (SSU) with the Latest Cumulative Update, simplifying the update process. Key enhancements include improvements to Secure Boot, with expanded device target data for new certificates, and security enhancements for Explorer’s search functionality in Windows 11 versions 24H2 and 25H2. A fix for Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) was also implemented, addressing issues with COM objects under certain policy configurations. The Windows System Image Manager received a new warning dialog for confirming the trustworthiness of catalog files, which is important for enterprise environments. Updates for Windows 10 22H2, despite its end-of-life status, included fixes for secure boot issues and improvements for file version history in the Control Panel. An SSU for Windows 11 (KB5077869) was also released to maintain update stability. Microsoft's updates scheduled for March 2026 will address vulnerabilities in components like the Windows App Installer, SQL Server, and Microsoft Office. The Security Update Guide provides detailed information on specific vulnerabilities and affected components.

Winsage

March 11, 2026

5 Windows 11 Features That Are Slowing Down Your Computer

OneDrive automatically backs up essential folders and personalized settings for Windows users, allowing seamless data synchronization upon signing into a Microsoft account. However, uploading data can strain computer resources, particularly RAM and CPU, and consume significant bandwidth. Users can pause syncing by clicking the OneDrive icon, selecting the gear icon, choosing "Pause syncing," and selecting a duration of 2, 8, or 24 hours. Windows 11 features modern transparency effects and smooth animations that enhance user experience but can impact system performance, especially on older hardware with less than 8 GB of RAM. Users can disable these effects by navigating to Settings > Accessibility > Visual Effects and toggling off Transparency effects and Animation effects. The startup apps feature allows essential applications to load automatically at boot, but too many startup apps can prolong boot time and strain resources. Users can manage startup apps by right-clicking the Start button, selecting Task Manager, navigating to the Startup app tab, and disabling unnecessary apps. Windows allows certain applications to run in the background for tasks like notifications and updates, but excessive background apps can hinder performance. Users can prevent specific apps from running in the background by going to Settings > Apps > Installed Apps, clicking the three-dot icon next to the app, selecting Advanced options, and setting Background app permissions to "Never." Windows Update can cause temporary slowdowns, and while blocking updates is not advisable, users can pause updates for one to five weeks by going to Settings > Windows Update and selecting the desired pause duration.

Winsage

March 7, 2026

Microsoft’s Secure Boot certificates expire in June 2026, but older PCs may never get the fix

Every Secure Boot-enabled Windows PC relies on cryptographic certificates issued by Microsoft in 2011, embedded in the motherboard's firmware, to ensure a secure boot process. The first of these certificates will expire on June 24, 2026, which will affect the ability to receive future security updates for critical components of the Windows startup process. Microsoft is rolling out replacement certificates through Windows Update, marking a significant security maintenance effort. Secure Boot operates as a chain of trust with certificates stored in the motherboard's UEFI firmware, validating software before the operating system loads. The Platform Key (PK) is at the top of this chain, followed by the Key Exchange Key (KEK) and the Signature Database (DB). The replacement certificates introduced in 2023 restructure certificate management, separating responsibilities among different certificate authorities to enhance the trust model. Not all PCs are affected by the upcoming expiration; newer devices manufactured since 2024 already have the new certificates. Windows 10 users face challenges as support for this version ends in October 2025, and they will not receive the new certificates unless enrolled in Extended Security Updates. Home users should ensure their PCs are set to receive updates automatically, while enterprise environments require coordination for firmware updates before the Windows certificate update.

Winsage

March 6, 2026

Microsoft’s Secure Boot certificates expire in June 2026, but older PCs may never get the fix

Every Secure Boot-enabled Windows PC relies on cryptographic certificates issued by Microsoft in 2011 for boot process integrity. The first of these certificates will expire on June 24, 2026, impacting the ability to receive future security updates. Microsoft is rolling out replacement certificates through Windows Update, requiring collaboration between Microsoft, PC manufacturers, and users. Three critical certificates will expire: the Microsoft Corporation KEK CA 2011 and Microsoft UEFI CA 2011 in June 2026, and the Microsoft Windows Production PCA 2011 in October 2026. The new certificates introduced in 2023 have a restructured functionality to enhance security. Not all PCs are affected; newer devices manufactured since 2024 come with the new certificates. Windows 10 users face challenges as support ends in October 2025, and unsupported devices will not receive updates. Home users should ensure automatic Windows updates and check for firmware updates, while enterprise environments must verify firmware updates before applying certificate updates. The first certificate expiration is on June 27, 2026.