Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL-Compatible Edition and Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL now support native streaming replication, allowing data changes to flow from source databases. Organizations often struggle to capture and propagate these changes in real time without affecting database performance. Traditional ETL pipelines can introduce significant delays, leading to outdated data and missed opportunities.
Debezium is an open-source platform for change data capture (CDC) that monitors databases and streams changes to applications or data pipelines, enabling real-time data synchronization. The CDC solution combines PostgreSQL's logical replication with Debezium's change capture framework, focusing on Amazon Aurora for PostgreSQL.
To implement this solution, logical replication must be enabled on Amazon Aurora through DB cluster parameter groups. Debezium connectors monitor the database's Write-Ahead Logging (WAL) via logical replication slots, converting transaction logs into structured event streams.
Key components of the solution include:
- Amazon Aurora for PostgreSQL as the source database with logical replication enabled.
- A Debezium PostgreSQL connector running on MSK Connect for change capture.
- Amazon MSK for message streaming.
- An Amazon EC2 instance for testing and consuming change events.
Steps to implement the solution include:
1. Creating an Amazon Aurora for PostgreSQL DB cluster and enabling logical replication.
2. Creating an Amazon MSK serverless cluster.
3. Setting up an Amazon EC2 instance to install Kafka and connect to the database.
4. Creating a custom plugin for Amazon MSK to replicate changes from RDS for PostgreSQL.
5. Uploading the custom plugin to an Amazon S3 bucket.
6. Storing credentials in AWS Secrets Manager and creating an IAM role for MSK Connect.
7. Testing the solution by verifying data replication and monitoring real-time changes.
Monitoring can be done through CloudWatch Logs and the MSK Connect console, addressing common issues like replication slot lag and connector failures. To avoid charges, resources created during the implementation should be deleted in the correct order.