GDID Archives

Winsage

July 26, 2026

Microsoft confirms Windows uses persistent device identifier | Tap to know more

Microsoft has confirmed that each installation of Windows is assigned a persistent Global Device Identifier (GDID) that cannot be disabled through standard settings, raising privacy concerns. Investigators have used the GDID to track a cybercriminal, prompting discussions about the balance between security and privacy. Users have expressed concerns about their lack of control over the GDID, and advocates are calling for better mechanisms for managing device-level tracking. There is a demand for greater transparency and user empowerment regarding digital privacy.

Winsage

July 21, 2026

Persistent Telemetry: Permanent Microsoft Windows Identifier

Discussions about consumer privacy in the Windows ecosystem have focused on optional diagnostic settings and telemetry controls. Recently, the Global Device Identifier (GDID), a permanent device-level token embedded in the Windows operating system, was revealed in a U.S. Department of Justice complaint related to a cybercriminal investigation. The GDID uniquely identifies a Windows installation and is used by Microsoft services. It is generated when a device is linked to a Microsoft account and resides in the Windows registry, being included in data sent to remote servers. There is no option to disable or delete the GDID, and attempts to do so can disrupt essential features. This has led privacy-conscious users to consider alternatives like Linux, which offers more control over data and does not require persistent identifiers. For Windows users, strategies to minimize data linked to the GDID include using local accounts, disabling optional diagnostics, and reviewing cloud app sync settings. Privacy advocates are calling for better user controls and opt-out mechanisms for hardware tracking tokens.

Winsage

July 12, 2026

Microsoft Confirms Windows GDID Device Identifier That Cannot Be Disabled, Documented in FBI Case Filing

Microsoft has confirmed the existence of the Global Device Identifier (GDID), a unique identifier assigned to Windows installations, in a federal complaint against an alleged member of the Scattered Spider hacking group. The GDID is generated when a Windows system is set up with a Microsoft Account and remains active through various Windows updates. Disabling the GDID could disrupt Windows activation and access to Microsoft Store applications. The GDID is described as "a persistent, device-level identifier designed to uniquely identify an installation of a Windows operating system on a device." It is created during the provisioning of Windows with a Microsoft Account and is stored in the Windows registry under HKCUSOFTWAREMicrosoftIdentityCRLExtendedProperties. The GDID remains persistent through Windows updates but is not retained after a clean reinstall. A single user can possess multiple GDIDs linked through their account, OneDrive, and activation history. The FBI used the GDID to track Peter Stokes, an alleged member of the Scattered Spider group, across various VPN connections and proxy servers. The GDID was recorded visiting specific websites and was linked to Stokes's accounts on platforms like Snapchat and Facebook. Concerns have been raised regarding user privacy, as the GDID is assigned without user consent and cannot be disabled without compromising essential Windows features. Microsoft has not committed to providing user-facing controls or comprehensive documentation for everyday users regarding the GDID. Legal requests can compel Microsoft to disclose GDID activity data to law enforcement. The GDID is linked to the Microsoft Account rather than the device itself, meaning reinstalling the operating system does not sever this connection.

Winsage

July 11, 2026

Windows 11 Has a Hidden Tracker – Here’s How to Limit It

Peter Stokes allegedly used sophisticated methods to obscure his identity during a breach at a luxury retailer, but the FBI uncovered his identity through a Global Device Identifier (GDID) linked to his Windows installation. GDID is a persistent device-level identifier that uniquely identifies a Windows installation and remains unchanged through operating system updates, only resetting upon complete reinstallation. Users cannot disable GDID, and attempts to remove it may disrupt Windows activation. To minimize data associated with GDID, users can opt for a local account, limit diagnostic telemetry, disable Activity history, and be cautious during reinstallation. VPNs do not prevent Microsoft from logging GDID, IP addresses, and URLs, making them ineffective for privacy on Windows. GDID has been described as a covert tracking beacon, and security experts advise against using Windows for sensitive tasks, suggesting alternatives like Linux.

Winsage

July 10, 2026

A hacker’s arrest just revealed how Microsoft can track your Windows device

A teenager named Peter Stokes is facing federal charges in Chicago for allegedly hacking a U.S. jewelry retailer while using a VPN to conceal his online activities. Microsoft provided the FBI with data linked to a tracking mechanism called the Global Device Identifier (GDID), which is a unique number assigned to every Windows installation that persists through updates. This identifier allowed authorities to connect Stokes' computer to specific websites, despite his VPN usage. Stokes was arrested in Helsinki in April 2026 while trying to board a flight to Japan, carrying two two-terabyte hard drives. The GDID enabled Microsoft to track Stokes' activities on third-party services, raising concerns about privacy and data tracking.

Winsage

July 10, 2026

Windows 11 Has a Hidden Tracker – Here’s How to Limit It

Peter Stokes is involved in a breach with a luxury retailer, using tactics like VPNs and rotating IP addresses to hide his digital activity. The FBI discovered a Global Device Identifier (GDID) linked to his Windows installation, which is a persistent device-level identifier that uniquely identifies Windows installations. GDID remains unchanged through operating system updates but resets with a full reinstallation. Disabling GDID is not possible, as attempts to do so would disrupt Windows activation. Users can minimize data linked to GDID by using a local account, reducing diagnostic telemetry, disabling Activity history, and carefully managing reinstalls. VPNs do not prevent Microsoft from logging GDID, IP address, and URL data. Privacy researchers view GDID as a covert tracking mechanism, and Windows lacks user-facing options to reset this identifier, unlike Apple and Google.

Winsage

July 10, 2026

You can’t fully disable Microsoft’s GDID Windows 11 tracker, but these settings limit what it captures

A 19-year-old named Peter Stokes was detained at Helsinki airport in April 2026 while traveling to Japan, carrying two 2TB hard drives. He was subject to an Interpol Red Notice and faced a federal complaint from U.S. prosecutors by July for his alleged involvement in the Scattered Spider hacking group, which breached a U.S. luxury jewelry retailer in May 2025, leading to a ransom demand. The Global Device Identifier (GDID), developed by Microsoft, is a persistent identifier that uniquely identifies a Windows installation on a device. It links online activities back to a single identity, which law enforcement can use to trace a device's owner. The GDID is generated when a user signs into Windows with a Microsoft Account and remains through updates but does not survive a clean reinstall. Stokes' use of the same Windows device allowed investigators to trace his activities through the GDID, which linked him to the hacking incident. Privacy advocates have raised concerns about the lack of consent for GDID assignment and the potential for surveillance.

Winsage

July 9, 2026

Windows hides a secret identifier that Microsoft hands over to the FBI

19-year-old Peter Stokes, a member of the Scattered Spider group, was arrested by the FBI due to a unique number embedded in his Windows operating system known as the Global Device Identifier (GDID). This identifier, assigned during Windows installation, remains unchanged and can leak user information despite the use of VPNs. The FBI identified Stokes by obtaining a history of IP addresses linked to his GDID from Microsoft, which allowed them to trace his online activities across various platforms. Microsoft tracks over a billion devices with this permanent identifier, which cannot be disabled.

Winsage

July 9, 2026

GDID Windows – Cut the tracker that follows you even through a VPN

In April 2026, the FBI apprehended an individual associated with the Scattered Spider group, who had concealed his online activities using a VPN. His efforts were thwarted by the GDID, a 64-bit Persistent Unique Identifier assigned by Microsoft upon logging into Windows. The GDID is stored in plain text in the registry and is linked to Microsoft’s servers, remaining unaffected by changes to IP addresses or attempts to delete it. Disabling Windows telemetry does not prevent the GDID from being accessed, as it operates through other services. To mitigate its transmission, users can disable certain services and modify the hosts file, although the GDID itself remains stored on Microsoft’s servers. Scripts are available on GitHub to audit and implement changes regarding the GDID. Transitioning to a local account does not guarantee anonymity, and for sensitive activities, using a live Linux system is recommended for better data control.