internet freedoms

Marina, a 45-year-old freelance copywriter, has experienced disruptions in WhatsApp and Telegram services due to new restrictions by Roskomnadzor, affecting communication for millions of Russians. The restrictions coincide with the launch of a state-sponsored app called Max, which is being promoted heavily and is required to be pre-installed on devices sold in Russia as of September 1. Max is designed to integrate various services, including government and banking, similar to China's WeChat, but raises privacy concerns due to its data-sharing policies. In addition to app restrictions, many regions in Russia are experiencing regular mobile internet outages, justified by the government as protection against potential drone attacks, but criticized by experts. The Kremlin's tightening control over internet freedoms has been ongoing since 2012 and intensified following the invasion of Ukraine. The government is working on a plan to limit online access to essential services during outages, further increasing control over the population's digital activities.