IoT devices

Winsage
August 11, 2025
Security researchers have identified a "zero-click" denial-of-service (DoS) exploit that can covertly turn Microsoft Windows Domain Controllers (DCs) into a global botnet. DDoS attacks increased by 56% year-over-year in late 2024, with Cloudflare blocking an attack that peaked at 7.3 Tbps in 2025. The average minute of downtime from these attacks costs businesses approximately ,000, with incidents for small and midsize firms exceeding 0,000. The exploit, known as Win-DDoS, leverages the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) client in Windows, allowing DCs to automatically target victim servers through LDAP referrals without user interaction. This results in thousands of DCs inadvertently overwhelming a target with TCP traffic. Four vulnerabilities (CVEs) related to this exploit were disclosed to Microsoft in March 2025 and addressed in subsequent patch releases in June and July 2025. These vulnerabilities include: - CVE-2025-32724: LSASS (LDAP client) - None needed, causes memory exhaustion/DC crash, patched June 2025. - CVE-2025-26673: NetLogon (RPC) - None needed, causes TorpeDoS memory crash, patched May 2025. - CVE-2025-49716: NetLogon (RPC) - None needed, causes Stateless RPC DoS, patched July 2025. - CVE-2025-49722: Print Spooler (RPC) - Authenticated user needed, causes any Windows endpoint crash, patched July 2025. The vulnerabilities indicate significant architectural flaws in the LDAP client’s referral logic and RPC interfaces. SafeBreach advises administrators to apply patches promptly and limit DC exposure to the Internet. The emergence of Win-DDoS marks a shift in attack strategies, utilizing legitimate servers for amplification without leaving malware traces, complicating detection and response efforts. Enterprises are urged to enhance their threat models and implement DoS hardening measures.
Winsage
July 29, 2025
On July 29, 2015, Microsoft unveiled Windows 10, integrating the live tile interface with the classic Start menu and focusing on the desktop experience. It was developed with public collaboration through the Windows Insider Program. Microsoft offered a free upgrade to Windows 7 and 8 users for one year, which was later extended until 2023, resulting in 100 million devices running Windows 10 within two months of its launch. The "Get Windows 10" app aggressively promoted the upgrade, leading to user backlash and its eventual removal. Windows 10 faced criticism for extensive data collection practices, with no option for complete telemetry disablement. It introduced "Windows as a Service" with a biannual update schedule, though it faced issues, including data loss in the October 2018 Update. The OneCore project aimed to create a universal Windows core for various devices but ultimately faltered. The dark mode feature had inconsistencies, and Windows 10 Mobile struggled in the smartphone market, leading to its discontinuation in 2017. The Universal Windows Platform (UWP) faced adoption challenges, and the Fluent Design System delivered minimal updates. The My People feature was disabled by default due to poor adoption rates. Windows 10 played a crucial role in shaping the current Windows landscape and laid the groundwork for future developments.
Tech Optimizer
July 26, 2025
Cyber threats targeting smartphones have evolved to include sophisticated malware and ransomware, with Android being particularly vulnerable to cyberattacks compared to iOS. Google recommends downloading apps only from the official Play Store, but some malicious applications can bypass these security measures. To protect Android devices from malware, investing in a reliable antivirus app is essential. Bitdefender Mobile Security is currently the top-rated Android antivirus app with a 4.7-star rating on Google Play, offering features like real-time web protection and app scanning. A free version is available, but a subscription is required for enhanced features. Sophos Intercept X for Mobile is a commendable free option with a 3.9-star rating, providing threat scanning and app protection. Other notable antivirus apps include Avast Security and Virus Cleaner, which has a 4.6-star rating and features a web shield and junk removal, and Malwarebytes Mobile Security, also rated 4.6 stars, known for its quick scans and digital footprint service. Norton360, with a 4.6-star rating, offers a comprehensive suite of features including antivirus scanning and a VPN. The best Android antivirus apps of 2025 include: - Bitdefender Mobile Security: Free, per year, 4.7 stars, 448K reviews - Sophos Intercept X: Free, 4.1 stars, 47.1K reviews - Avast: Ad-supported free, 4.6 stars, 7.34M reviews - Malwarebytes: Free, per year, 4.6 stars, 423K reviews - Norton360: Paid plans, 4.6 stars, 1.92M reviews The mobile malware landscape has reportedly increased by 151% since the beginning of 2025, with Google taking legal action against the BadBox 2.0 botnet targeting IoT devices, including Android. A new malware variant named ClickFix is also emerging, affecting macOS, Android, and iOS platforms. Relying solely on built-in protection and the Google Play Store is not advisable; a reputable antivirus app is recommended for additional security.
Tech Optimizer
July 21, 2025
Data is crucial for artificial intelligence, especially for inference workloads used in real-time decision-making across various platforms. Traditional centralized cloud-based AI inference struggles with demands for low latency and high availability, particularly in applications like autonomous vehicles and healthcare. Shifting AI inference to the edge reduces latency, enhances data privacy, and lowers bandwidth costs. Antony Pegg emphasizes the need for a multi-master active-active architecture that allows read and write operations at any node, ensuring data synchronization and high availability. Misconceptions about edge AI include beliefs that edge hardware can't handle AI workloads, that edge inference is limited to low-stakes use cases, and that centralized systems are necessary for data integrity. The shift to distributed inference can lead to reduced latency, faster insights, and lower costs, while supporting data compliance with regulations. Companies are adopting distributed PostgreSQL solutions with multi-master architecture for low latency and high availability. Enquire AI is an example of a company that improved performance and compliance by transitioning to pgEdge Cloud. This architecture allows for consistent data availability and supports scalable AI solutions at the edge.
Tech Optimizer
June 23, 2025
A diverse array of endpoint security tools has been integral to cyber defense strategies for desktops, laptops, and other end-user devices for the past three decades. The latest evolution is represented by endpoint protection platforms (EPPs), which combine various security capabilities including antivirus software, visibility and monitoring, and endpoint detection and response (EDR). EPPs continuously log, monitor, and analyze events on endpoints to identify suspicious activities, generate alerts, and neutralize threats. They serve as a frontline defense for devices such as desktops, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and other user-facing technologies. Leading EPP solutions include the SentinelOne Singularity Platform and CrowdStrike Falcon. Both platforms offer automation capabilities that generate alerts upon detecting events and can act in real-time to thwart attacks. They provide centralized dashboards and reporting features for analysts and incorporate generative AI threat detection interfaces. The EPPs are compatible with various operating systems, including Windows, Linux, macOS, ChromeOS, Android, and iOS. Pricing for SentinelOne includes: - Singularity Complete: .99 per device annually. - Singularity Commercial: .99 per device per year. - Singularity Enterprise: Pricing available upon request. CrowdStrike pricing options include: - Falcon Go: [openai_gpt model="gpt-4o-mini" prompt="Summarize the content and extract only the fact described in the text bellow. The summary shall NOT include a title, introduction and conclusion. Text: A diverse array of endpoint security tools has been integral to cyber defense strategies for desktops, laptops, and other end-user devices for the past three decades. The latest evolution in this realm is represented by endpoint protection platforms (EPPs), which amalgamate various security capabilities including antivirus software, visibility and monitoring, as well as endpoint detection and response (EDR). These platforms continuously log, monitor, and analyze events on endpoints to identify suspicious activities, generate alerts, and, when necessary, neutralize threats. EPPs serve as a frontline defense for a range of devices such as desktops, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and other user-facing technologies. Among the leading EPP solutions available today are the SentinelOne Singularity Platform and CrowdStrike Falcon. A closer examination reveals a comparison of their key features, pricing structures, and performance metrics, along with guidance for organizations seeking an EPP that aligns with their security needs. Key features comparison Both Singularity and Falcon offer a robust suite of capabilities: Automation capabilities. Both platforms automatically generate alerts upon detecting events that warrant further investigation. They can act in real-time to thwart attacks, with options for automated responses such as remediation and rollback when malicious activities are identified. Additionally, human analysts have the flexibility to manually initiate these responses through the platforms. Analyst interface. Each EPP provides centralized dashboards and reporting features that analysts utilize to review correlated event data. Furthermore, both platforms incorporate generative AI (GenAI) threat detection interfaces—Purple AI for SentinelOne and Charlotte AI for CrowdStrike—allowing administrators to query the GenAI agent for deeper insights into the analyzed event data. Supported OSes. The EPPs are compatible with various operating systems, including Windows, Linux, macOS, ChromeOS, Android, and iOS. Cybersecurity platform. These platforms feature centralized storage, dashboards, and analytical capabilities for the data generated by their offerings, alongside other cybersecurity and asset information. Pricing comparison As the tools diverge in their offerings, pricing becomes a distinguishing factor, with each platform presenting unique features and add-ons. SentinelOne Singularity pricing options Singularity Complete is priced at 9.99 per device annually, providing endpoint and cloud workload protection. Singularity Commercial costs 9.99 per device per year, encompassing XDR, EPP, EDR capabilities, identity threat detection and response (ITDR), and managed threat hunting (WatchTower). Singularity Enterprise includes comprehensive features such as XDR, EPP, EDR, data retention, ITDR, threat hunting, network discovery (Singularity Network Discovery), forensic data collection (Singularity RemoteOps Forensics), and support services. Pricing is available upon request from SentinelOne. CrowdStrike Falcon pricing options Falcon Go, available at .99 per device per year for up to 100 devices, includes antivirus software (Falcon Prevent), USB device control (Falcon Device Control), mobile device protection (Falcon for Mobile), and support services. Falcon Pro is priced at .99 per device per year, offering Falcon Prevent, Falcon Device Control, host firewall control (Falcon Firewall Management), and support services. Falcon Enterprise costs 4.99 per device annually, featuring Falcon Prevent, Falcon Device Control, Falcon Firewall Management, threat hunting and intelligence (Falcon OverWatch), extended detection and response (Falcon Insight XDR), and support services. Falcon Complete MDR represents CrowdStrike's managed detection and response service, which includes Falcon Prevent, Falcon OverWatch, Falcon Insight XDR, and IT hygiene (Falcon Discover), with options to add firewall and identity protection. Pricing for Complete MDR is available upon inquiry. Additionally, Falcon for Mobile protection for smartphones and tablets can be acquired as a separate add-on for Pro, Enterprise, and Complete MDR plans. Performance and evaluation comparison Feedback from users regarding SentinelOne and CrowdStrike offerings tends to align positively. Verified reviews on Gartner Peer Insights indicate that both EPPs boast an average performance rating of 4.7 out of 5, with 99% of ratings being three stars or higher. In the past year, CrowdStrike's Falcon garnered 724 ratings, while SentinelOne's Singularity received 227. SentinelOne holds a slight edge over CrowdStrike in terms of pricing flexibility, rated at 4.4 compared to 4.2, whereas CrowdStrike excels in the availability of third-party resources, rated at 4.7 against SentinelOne's 4.4. Notably, both platforms were included in the 2023 Mitre ATT&CK Evaluations, which simulated a nation-state attack scenario. In this evaluation, CrowdStrike demonstrated superior attack technique detection, while both platforms exhibited comparable protection capabilities. In the 2024 evaluations, CrowdStrike opted out, allowing SentinelOne to successfully detect all tested attack techniques. Common criticisms of CrowdStrike on Gartner Peer Insights highlight complexities in licensing and insufficient support for hybrid environments. Conversely, SentinelOne users expressed frustration with the Android OS capabilities, which tend to generate a higher number of false positives. Questions to ask when selecting an EPP tool Organizations of all sizes should implement endpoint security tools to safeguard their user devices. Larger enterprises often manage and monitor these tools internally, while smaller organizations may opt for managed services that provide similar endpoint security solutions along with management and monitoring support. Some services even offer incident response capabilities in conjunction with the organization's existing resources. When evaluating endpoint security tools and services, organizations should consider the following questions: How well integrated is the platform? Is there a single agent deployed to each endpoint, or is it a combination of agents? Does the product represent a truly unified platform or merely a collection of services presented under a unified interface? What is the quality of the platform's data gathering, logging, analysis, alerting, and alert prioritization in terms of accuracy, speed, and comprehensiveness? High quality should be the cornerstone of any EPP. How effectively does the platform leverage cyber threat intelligence? What sources does it utilize, and how frequently are they updated? What techniques does the platform employ to analyze events and detect attacks? How adept is it at identifying sophisticated and novel threats? How automated are its capabilities? This encompasses protection, detection, and incident response features. Effective automation that makes sound decisions in real-time can be pivotal in preventing ransomware from affecting multiple endpoints. Karen Scarfone is the principal consultant at Scarfone Cybersecurity in Clifton, Va. She provides cybersecurity publication consulting to organizations and was formerly a senior computer scientist for NIST." max_tokens="3500" temperature="0.3" top_p="1.0" best_of="1" presence_penalty="0.1" frequency_penalty="frequency_penalty"].99 per device per year for up to 100 devices. - Falcon Pro: .99 per device per year. - Falcon Enterprise: .99 per device annually. - Falcon Complete MDR: Pricing available upon inquiry. User feedback indicates both EPPs have an average performance rating of 4.7 out of 5, with 99% of ratings being three stars or higher. CrowdStrike's Falcon received 724 ratings, while SentinelOne's Singularity received 227. SentinelOne has a slight edge in pricing flexibility (rated 4.4) compared to CrowdStrike (rated 4.2), while CrowdStrike excels in third-party resource availability (rated 4.7) compared to SentinelOne (rated 4.4). Both platforms were included in the 2023 Mitre ATT&CK Evaluations, with CrowdStrike demonstrating superior attack technique detection. Common criticisms of CrowdStrike include complexities in licensing and insufficient support for hybrid environments, while SentinelOne users expressed frustration with Android OS capabilities leading to higher false positives. Organizations should consider integration quality, data gathering and analysis capabilities, cyber threat intelligence utilization, attack detection techniques, and automation levels when selecting an EPP tool.
Tech Optimizer
April 15, 2025
A hardware firewall enhances network security by monitoring and filtering all traffic, preventing unauthorized access based on pre-defined rules, and analyzing traffic patterns for anomalies. It employs Next-Generation Firewall technology for deep packet inspection, utilizes GeoIP restrictions, and runs Intrusion Prevention/Detection Systems (IPS/IDS). Implementing a Zero Trust architecture minimizes device access, and notifications alert users to new device connections. Segregating IoT devices onto a dedicated VLAN reduces security risks. A multi-layered security approach, including rules-based and deep packet inspection, is essential for comprehensive protection. Hardware firewalls often run on Linux or FreeBSD, allowing additional functionalities like ad blocking through services such as Pi-hole. Cataloging devices improves troubleshooting and network management. The adoption of hardware firewalls is increasingly necessary due to the rise of connected devices in homes.
Winsage
March 7, 2025
The Akira ransomware group has demonstrated its ability to bypass Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools by exploiting an unsecured webcam. In 2024, Akira was responsible for 15% of ransomware incidents addressed by the S-RM team. The group typically gains access through remote access solutions and uses tools like AnyDesk.exe. In a recent attempt to deploy ransomware on a Windows server, their initial effort was thwarted by EDR detection. Subsequently, they conducted an internal network scan and targeted a vulnerable webcam, which lacked EDR protection. By compromising the webcam, Akira deployed Linux-based ransomware to encrypt files across the victim’s network. This incident highlights the need for organizations to patch and manage IoT devices, audit networks for vulnerabilities, implement network segmentation, and monitor IoT traffic for anomalies.
AppWizard
March 5, 2025
Motorola and Lenovo's Smart Connect app has expanded to support all Android devices, enhancing integration between Windows PCs and various smartphones and tablets. The app features AI-driven search capabilities, app mirroring, and efficient file sharing, and is available for free on the Google Play Store. The latest version includes AI-powered functionalities such as natural language search and commands, seamless app mirroring, and device handoff. While some premium features remain exclusive to Motorola and Lenovo devices, the app now allows broader access for other Android users. Additionally, Smart Connect has integrated support for IoT devices, enabling management of Moto Tags and Motorola-branded smartwatches.
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