issues Archives

Tech Optimizer

July 28, 2026

ClamAV Setup: Linux Antivirus in 12 Steps [2026]

Malware can threaten Linux systems, which are often mistakenly believed to be immune to viruses. It can be introduced through email attachments, infected files, or compromised plugins, especially when Linux servers interact with Windows clients or handle internet uploads. ClamAV is an open-source antivirus engine maintained by Cisco Talos, designed for scanning mail traffic and file uploads. As of mid-2026, the stable release is ClamAV 1.5.x, with version 1.5.2 being the latest patch. To deploy ClamAV, users need root or sudo access on a compatible Linux machine, at least 2 vCPUs and 2GB of RAM, 5GB of free disk space, and outbound HTTPS access to ClamAV’s signature mirrors. The installation process involves several steps, including configuring freshclam for automatic updates, validating detection with the EICAR test file, and setting up cron jobs for regular scans. ClamAV can also be integrated with mail servers and a SIEM for enhanced security. Common pitfalls in deployment include skipping the initial freshclam run and using clamscan instead of clamdscan for repeated scans. ClamAV is free for commercial use and can also scan Windows systems, although it does not replace comprehensive endpoint protection solutions.

Tech Optimizer

July 28, 2026

Migrate self-managed PostgreSQL to Amazon RDS using the RDS console

Running PostgreSQL on Amazon EC2 requires users to manage operational tasks such as patching, backups, and security. Migrating to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL or Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL-Compatible Edition offers a fully managed service that automates these tasks, allowing development teams to focus on application development. The migration process uses the auto-migration feature in the Amazon RDS console, supported by AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS), which facilitates PostgreSQL-to-PostgreSQL migrations using native tools for accurate schema mapping and faster migration. The migration can be executed using various methods, including pg_dump/pg_restore, manual AWS DMS tasks, or third-party tools, with the RDS console approach being preferred for its reliability and minimal setup effort. AWS DMS supports three replication modes: full load, CDC only, and full load + CDC, with the migration duration depending on database size and network throughput. Prerequisites for migration include having a source PostgreSQL 10.4+ on Amazon EC2, a target RDS for PostgreSQL or Aurora PostgreSQL, proper IAM roles, stored credentials in Secrets Manager, and appropriate networking configurations. Considerations include unsupported objects, potential issues with sequence values, and the need to avoid schema changes during CDC. The migration involves preparing the source database, creating necessary users and permissions, and executing the migration through the RDS console. Post-migration, it is essential to verify data integrity, optimize performance by updating statistics and rebuilding indexes, and implement security best practices such as disabling the DMS user and enforcing SSL/TLS connections. Common troubleshooting errors during migration include permission issues, incorrect WAL levels, and connection refusals, each with specific resolutions. Finally, to avoid ongoing charges, it is recommended to clean up resources created during the migration process, including deleting the DMS migration task, logical replication publications, Secrets Manager secrets, and the target RDS/Aurora instance.

Tech Optimizer

July 28, 2026

‘PGSimCity’ shows how the PostgreSQL database actually works internally in a SimCity-like 3D environment.

PGSimCity is a web application that provides a 3D visualization of PostgreSQL's architecture, allowing users to explore its internal operations during SQL query execution. The application features an interactive interface that guides users through the connection process to PostgreSQL, illustrating how client connections reach the Postmaster and backend processes. It highlights the significance of connection pooling and the impact of increasing connections on backend processes. In the 'Query Lab' section, SQL statements are transformed into execution plans, showcasing processes like Parser, Rewriter, Planner, and Executor, along with execution paths such as Seq Scan and Index Scan. The shared_buffers area represents PostgreSQL's buffer cache, optimizing performance by reading data in 8KiB pages. Visualizations depict data pages stored on disk, with pathways showing the movement of pages to shared_buffers. The Write-Ahead Log (WAL) mechanism records changes for recovery, and transaction commits wait for WAL records to be flushed. Checkpointing writes dirty pages to storage in batches, which can cause latency spikes. PostgreSQL uses Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) to manage updated rows and dead tuples, which are cleaned up by autovacuum processes. The application also illustrates replication, where WAL from the primary server is sent to the standby server to maintain data consistency. Overall, PGSimCity provides a comprehensive view of PostgreSQL's components and potential performance issues related to caching, WAL management, checkpointing, vacuuming, and replication.

AppWizard

July 28, 2026

Marvel Tōkon’s developer has apologised to PC players for the beta’s performance issues, with only a week until launch

The beta for Marvel Tōkon: Fighting Souls lasted three days and faced significant challenges, including PlayStation Network outages on launch day and performance issues for PC players, such as severe stuttering and poor optimization. Some players reported a seamless experience, while others criticized the PC port as one of the worst in recent times. Arc System Works acknowledged the issues and is investigating solutions, promising updates and providing troubleshooting options. Speculation about the causes of performance problems included background processes from anti-cheat and PlayStation services. Despite these issues, the beta reached a peak of 33,233 concurrent players on Steam, surpassing previous records set by Street Fighter 6 and Tekken 8. The official release is scheduled for August 6, leaving developers with just over a week to address the feedback and performance issues.

Winsage

July 28, 2026

Why Does Windows Explorer Use So Much Memory?

A user on Reddit reported that Windows Explorer was using over 21GB of memory, which can cause performance issues on systems with less than 8GB of RAM. One cause of excessive memory consumption is third-party shell extensions, which can be identified by booting into Safe Mode. A tool called ShellExView can help locate problematic extensions. To create a system restore point, users can press Win + R, type systempropertiesprotection.exe, click Create, enter a description, and click Create. Windows Explorer may also retain large caches of temporary data, leading to high memory usage. To clear temporary files, users can press Win + I, navigate to System > Storage > Temporary files, check the relevant boxes, and click Remove files. They can also manually clean the thumbnail and icon cache by deleting specific files in the %localappdata% directory. Corrupted system files can contribute to high memory usage, and users can run DISM and SFC tools to repair these files by accessing the Terminal (admin) and executing the commands DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth and sfc /scannow.

Winsage

July 28, 2026

Windows 11 ruined my old laptop, but this lightweight Linux distro brought it back to life

The author experienced significant performance issues with their six-year-old Acer Aspire laptop running Windows 11, which had only 4GB of RAM and an Intel Core i3-8145U. They decided to install Zorin OS Lite, which led to improved boot times, faster application launches, and lower RAM usage. The Speedometer score improved from 5.68 on Windows 11 to 12.0 on Zorin OS Lite. The laptop has been repurposed for travel, writing, and casual use, and the author is now more open to exploring Linux further.

Winsage

July 28, 2026

Windows Insiders Get More Windows 11 In-Box App Updates

Microsoft has begun documenting updates to its in-box applications for Windows 11 through the Windows Insider Program. As of the end of July, updates have been rolled out for the following applications: - Calculator: Three fixes addressing issues in Scientific mode, an access key conflict, and improved screen reader support. - Clock: Two fixes targeting a bug in Focus Sessions and enhancing the accuracy of sunrise and sunset times for users at high latitudes. - Media Player: Three fixes for problems with local album art, disabled libraries, and track list rendering. - Notepad: Several fixes improving functionality with Markdown files, copying and pasting of indented and nested lists, concurrent print jobs, launch performance, and rendering of underscore characters. These updates are being distributed through various channels and are expected to be available during next month’s Patch Tuesday.

Winsage

July 27, 2026

New Certighost PoC exploit lets attackers hijack Windows domains

A proof-of-concept exploit for the "Certighost" vulnerability (CVE-2026-54121) has been released, affecting Windows Active Directory Certificate Services. This vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to compromise a Windows domain by manipulating machine account attributes to obtain certificates from AD CS, enabling them to authenticate as that machine or even as a domain controller. The flaw was reported to Microsoft on May 14, 2026, and addressed in the July 2026 Patch Tuesday updates. The vulnerability exploits a fallback mechanism in AD CS during certificate enrollment requests, allowing attackers to direct the Certification Authority to their controlled systems. The researchers demonstrated that a low-privileged user could create a machine account and use it to impersonate a domain controller, leading to potential domain compromise. Microsoft has added validation to the chase process in the July updates to prevent this exploitation. For those unable to install the updates, a temporary workaround involves disabling the chase fallback, though this has not been extensively tested.

Tech Optimizer

July 27, 2026

What to look for in antivirus software without the jargon

Shopping for antivirus software can be overwhelming due to technical jargon and extensive feature lists. Key considerations for effective antivirus software include: - Real-time protection: The software should continuously monitor activities and provide automatic protection against threats. - Malware and ransomware blocking: It should defend against various online threats, including malware, spyware, and ransomware. - Firewall protection: A firewall should monitor and block suspicious connections to enhance security. - Performance: The software should operate quietly in the background without interrupting daily tasks. - Frequent updates: Regular updates are essential to combat evolving online threats. - Scam protection: The software should flag suspicious links and messages to prevent cyberattacks before they reach the device. When choosing antivirus software, prioritize these features to ensure effective protection without complicating your life.

AppWizard

July 27, 2026

Blade and Magik lead as Marvel Tōkon’s most popular characters during its beta

The Marvel Tōkon: Fighting Souls beta featured 16 of the 20 heroes planned for the full release, with significant character usage observed for Blade and Iron Man. Data analyst AlietteFaye provided insights on character usage rates, highlighting Blade, Magik, Iron Man, Magneto, and Black Panther as top characters, while Danger was noted as the least popular. Magik was the most favored starting character, followed by Black Panther, Blade, Doom, and Spider-Man. Iron Man, Magneto, Blade, and Magik were the leading assist characters. Phoenix Cyclops will be the first of four downloadable content characters to join the roster in the first year.