persistence Archives

Tech Optimizer

July 10, 2026

Hackers Use Fake VLC Executable and Malicious libvlc.dll to Deploy ValleyRAT

Cybercriminals are exploiting the VLC media player to install ValleyRAT, a remote access trojan, by embedding malware in a seemingly harmless file linked in phishing emails. The attack starts with an email that prompts the victim to download a ZIP archive containing a fake VLC executable and a malicious DLL named libvlc.dll. This method uses DLL sideloading to execute the malware under the guise of a legitimate application. Once executed, the malware establishes persistence by creating a registry entry and connects to a remote server to retrieve the final payload. ValleyRAT employs evasion tactics to avoid detection, including assessing system characteristics before executing harmful actions and using a fileless approach to deliver the payload directly into memory. Researchers have identified indicators of compromise, including specific SHA1 hashes and URLs associated with the malicious campaign.

Tech Optimizer

July 10, 2026

GigaWiper: Anatomy of a destructive backdoor assembled from multiple malware

Microsoft Threat Intelligence has identified the GigaWiper malware, which has been detected in compromised environments since October 2025. This malware has destructive capabilities and comes in two forms: standalone wiper binaries and larger binaries with backdoor functionalities, both developed in Golang. The standalone wiper operates at the physical disk level, overwriting disk content and removing partition references. The backdoor variant includes the same wiper functionality and adds persistence through a registry key and scheduled tasks, along with command and control communication via RabbitMQ and Redis. GigaWiper can execute various commands, including wiping drives, triggering a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD), file encryption that mimics ransomware behavior, and managing system elements. The malware integrates components from multiple malware families, including wipers and ransomware mechanisms, and has been linked to a previous malware known as FlockWiper. To defend against GigaWiper, organizations are advised to implement security measures such as tamper protection, blocking access to known C2 infrastructure, and utilizing endpoint detection and response solutions. Microsoft Defender provides detections for GigaWiper and related malware, and threat intelligence reports are available for customers to stay informed about threats. Indicators of compromise include specific SHA-256 hashes and IP addresses associated with GigaWiper.

Winsage

July 8, 2026

Trojanized LetsVPN installer gives attackers remote access to Windows PCs

A malware campaign has been discovered that exploits the VPN service LetsVPN. Researchers from ThreatLocker found a malicious Windows installer that pretends to be the legitimate LetsVPN application while deploying a remote access trojan (RAT) called GoodPersonRAT. The malware allows attackers to control infected systems using stealth techniques. The malicious installer first deploys the RAT and then installs the authentic LetsVPN application, creating an illusion of legitimacy. The package identified as Kuailian_win-setup.86.msi contains the legitimate LetsVPN installer, a loader, and an encrypted payload. GoodPersonRAT features include remote desktop control, file upload/download, command execution, proxying, keylogging, and clipboard monitoring. It specifically targets Telegram Desktop users by archiving critical account information and altering proxy settings. The malware ensures persistence through Windows services and scheduled tasks and can undermine security software. The LetsVPN installer is legitimate and signed, but the MSI package is unsigned and contains malicious components. Users are advised to download software only from official sources and verify digital signatures.

Winsage

July 8, 2026

Your Windows 11 PC might be hiding a 500GB storage bug

A bug in Windows 11 can cause significant disk space loss, with some users losing up to 500GB due to the CapabilityAccessManager.db-wal file, which should normally be a few megabytes. The file's size can exceed 100GB, indicating potential issues. Users can check their system file sizes through Settings > System > Storage. Tools like WizTree, TreeSize, or WinDirStat can help examine the folder contents. Microsoft has addressed the issue in the June 23 optional preview update, which improves disk space usage for the file. This update can be found under Settings and Windows Update, with a mandatory fix scheduled for the official Patch Tuesday on July 14.

Winsage

July 5, 2026

How I think Microsoft’s campaign to fix Windows 11 is going so far — the verdict now we’re 3 months in

Microsoft is working to improve Windows 11, having started this initiative in late March 2026. Key changes include a customizable Start menu, a repositioned and adjustable taskbar, and a refined widgets board that removes the default MSN feed with ads. Windows search results have been optimized to reduce clutter, and new options allow Home users to delay updates indefinitely, along with bundling updates to minimize reboots. Performance enhancements include faster File Explorer launch speeds, a 'Low Latency Profile' for improved CPU performance, a 'turbo mode' for quicker installations, and a 'Driver Quality Initiative' to enhance OS drivers and reduce battery drain. A point-in-time restore feature has also been introduced. Microsoft is engaging with the Windows community for feedback and has established panels for user testing. However, bugs remain a concern, particularly with the Recycle Bin and storage issues, indicating a need for a stronger quality assurance process. Users have expressed interest in removing intrusive recommendations, installing Windows 11 with a local account, and disabling telemetry in the Home version.

Tech Optimizer

July 3, 2026

Hackers Use Fake VLC Executable and Malicious libvlc.dll to Deploy ValleyRAT

Cybercriminals are using a sophisticated method to bypass security measures by embedding malware within the VLC media player. This campaign exploits VLC to install ValleyRAT, a remote access trojan, through phishing emails that contain links to download a seemingly harmless file. Once the file is opened, it activates a hidden backdoor that evades detection by antivirus solutions. The malware has been active since 2023, with a significant increase in activity noted through 2025 and into 2026, particularly targeting Chinese and Japanese-speaking users. The infection process begins when a victim clicks a link in a phishing email, leading to a ZIP archive containing a disguised executable and a malicious DLL (libvlc.dll). The executable mimics a legitimate VLC file, and when executed, it loads the DLL, allowing the malware to run under the guise of VLC. The malware establishes persistence by creating a registry entry and connects to a remote server to retrieve the final payload. ValleyRAT employs evasion tactics to avoid detection, such as performing checks on system behavior and using a fileless approach to inject its payload directly into memory, avoiding storage on disk. Researchers recommend training employees to recognize suspicious filenames and deploying endpoint detection tools to identify DLL sideloading behavior. For organizations affected by this campaign, isolating compromised systems and reviewing security logs are critical initial steps. Indicators of compromise include a malicious email domain, a ZIP archive containing a fake VLC executable, and a download URL for ValleyRAT.

Winsage

June 27, 2026

New Millenium RAT version infects 62,000 Windows systems worldwide

A significant evolution of the Millenium remote access trojan (RAT) has impacted over 62,000 Windows devices across more than 160 countries. The latest version, 4.*, marks a departure from previous .NET-based versions and is attributed to a threat cluster known as Y2K Operators, with the creator identified as “ShinyEnigma.” There are 62,289 infected endpoints, with 39,730 infections occurring in the first quarter of 2026. The RAT is marketed as malware-as-a-service (MaaS) and promoted through underground forums and platforms like GitHub, with accessible pricing. Millenium RAT 4 is developed in native C++ and uses the Telegram Bot API for command-and-control communications. Its capabilities include stealing browser data, collecting system information, logging keystrokes, capturing screenshots and audio, accessing Telegram and Discord data, downloading additional payloads, and executing Windows or PowerShell commands. The malware ensures persistence by replicating itself in the %APPDATA% directory and creating an autorun registry entry. The malware is distributed through social engineering tactics such as cracked software, cryptocurrency utilities, hacking toolkits, OSINT tools, exploit builders, and Roblox-related cheats. Some campaigns have trojanized malware builders, infecting cybercriminals. One campaign used PDF-themed lures with a malicious Windows shortcut to download the RAT while displaying a legitimate document. Payloads often use filenames associated with Windows components or security software to blend into infected systems. Group-IB recommends avoiding untrusted executables, applying security updates, enabling multi-factor authentication, and monitoring for unusual autorun registry entries.

Winsage

June 25, 2026

Introduction to COM usage by Windows threats

Component Object Model (COM) is a technology in Windows that enables object activation, inter-process communication, and automation across different programming languages. Malware exploits COM interfaces for activities such as lateral movement, execution, downloading, exfiltration, persistence, evasion, system discovery, and automation of Windows and Office functionalities. Reverse engineering COM-heavy binaries involves navigating GUIDs and indirect vtable calls to understand malware mechanics. Research at the AVAR 2025 conference and CARO 2026 workshop discusses methodologies for analyzing COM binaries and case studies of malware families that utilize COM. COM is an application binary interface (ABI) model that allows software components to be reused and enables interaction between different programming languages through interfaces defined at the binary level. Distributed COM (DCOM) allows clients to activate COM objects on remote systems. COM classes are identified by unique class identifiers (CLSIDs), and interfaces by interface identifiers (IIDs). The Windows registry stores COM registration data, with classes and interfaces located under specific keys. Malware often acts as a COM client, utilizing the COM runtime to instantiate classes and request interfaces. ProgIDs provide human-readable registry entries for COM classes. The CoCreateInstance function helps create class objects by resolving CLSID registrations. All COM interfaces derive from IUnknown, which manages object lifetimes and interface querying. COM has its own security model, and identifying classes and interfaces used by malware is crucial for threat researchers. Tools like ComView and OleView.NET assist in inspecting COM registrations. The analysis workflow includes identifying activation API calls, extracting CLSID and IID values, consulting registry definitions, and mapping vtable calls. Qakbot, a banking trojan, exemplifies the use of COM in malware, with its architecture enabling malicious activities like credential theft. Dynamic analysis tools can log COM-related calls in real-time to trace execution flow. Notable malware families that utilize COM include Gh0stRAT, which uses Task Scheduler COM interfaces, and the Attor platform, which employs BITS for file transfers. WarmCookie demonstrates the use of COM for persistence through Task Scheduler. Understanding COM's role in malware is essential for cybersecurity professionals.

AppWizard

June 24, 2026

Grand Theft Auto 6 ‘VIP early access’ scam sites are already popping up, Malwarebytes warns

Grand Theft Auto 6 is set to release on November 19, with official preorders starting on June 25. Fraudulent websites are offering "VIP early access" for high fees, primarily in cryptocurrency. Malwarebytes has warned that these scams exploit the game's popularity, charging inflated prices for nonexistent access and mimicking legitimate platforms. The scams target younger audiences, using persuasive language to encourage impulsive decisions. Consumers are advised to be cautious, as there is currently no legitimate early access available.

Winsage

June 24, 2026

Windows RAT Uses Encrypted HTTP C2 and Registry Persistence After npm Infection

A malware campaign targets Windows systems through a malicious npm package named postcss-minify-selector-parser, which mimics the legitimate postcss-selector-parser. This counterfeit package installs a Remote Access Trojan (RAT) on developer machines, beginning with a multi-stage attack triggered by the installation of the package. The RAT can steal credentials, execute shell commands, and communicate with a remote attacker. Security researchers at JFrog identified this threat and reported it on June 22, 2026, noting that two additional related packages, postcss-minify-selector and aes-decode-runner-pro, are linked to the same publisher and remain live on the npm registry. The RAT employs encrypted HTTP communication with a command-and-control (C2) server and ensures persistence by creating a registry key under the Windows Run key. It has capabilities for remote shell execution, file uploads and downloads, and can steal saved login data from Google Chrome using Windows decryption APIs. The malware is designed for organized batch exfiltration of stolen data. Indicators of compromise include specific IP addresses, domains, file paths, and SHA-256 hashes associated with the malware components. JFrog advises users to remove the malicious packages, inspect their dependency trees, and treat any stored credentials as compromised.