The CHKDSK command, short for "Check Disk," is a tool in Windows that examines disks for errors and repairs bad sectors. It identifies and marks damaged areas to prevent data loss and has been available in Windows since version 2000. The command syntax includes parameters such as /F (repairs errors), /R (locates bad sectors and recovers readable data), /X (forces dismount before repairs), /V (displays file paths in bad sectors), /I (quick scan), /C (faster scan by skipping certain folders), and /B (re-evaluates bad clusters). To use CHKDSK, open Command Prompt as an administrator, type "chkdsk C: /F," and restart the computer if prompted.