server environments Archives

Winsage

April 16, 2025

What does Microsoft’s new ReFS file system mean for Windows?

The NTFS file system has been the default for Windows operating systems for decades, but Microsoft is developing the Resilient File System (ReFS), which has been in use primarily in Windows Server environments since its introduction in 2012. ReFS is designed to enhance system and data resilience, featuring error detection and correction capabilities, a data integrity scanner, and the ability to repair detected corruption using another volume. It supports file and volume sizes up to 35 petabytes and includes advanced features like Block Clone and Sparse VDL, which improve performance in specific scenarios. However, ReFS is not a full replacement for NTFS, as it lacks several critical features such as file system compression, encryption, bootable media support, and support for removable media. Its current limitations make it unsuitable for typical home PC use, and while it may eventually replace NTFS, this transition is not expected to happen soon. ReFS is primarily designed for specialized applications involving large data sets and environments with multiple drives.

Winsage

March 28, 2025

Microsoft’s ReFS file system resurfaces in latest Windows 11 build

Microsoft's Resilient File System (ReFS) was introduced in 2012 with Windows Server 2012 and has been relatively obscure compared to NTFS. It has recently emerged as an optional feature in a preview build of Windows 11 (Build 27823), allowing users to format partitions with a "Flexible Storage" option, offering a choice between NTFS and ReFS. ReFS is designed for larger storage capacities, can format partitions up to 35 petabytes, and supports single files as large as the entire volume. It includes advanced features like block cloning and file-level snapshots but lacks support for certain NTFS functionalities such as bootable volumes and file compression. Currently, ReFS is primarily aimed at enterprise and server environments, but its inclusion in Windows 11 may indicate plans for broader consumer access. The open-source community is developing unofficial documentation for ReFS, and Paragon Software has created a closed-source ReFS driver.

Winsage

November 22, 2024

5 cool things to do with virtual machines on Windows 11

Windows 11 simplifies the setup of virtual machines (VMs) using Hyper-V or Oracle's VirtualBox, allowing users to quickly establish VMs for various purposes. Users can run legacy applications and games that struggle on modern systems by utilizing older operating systems like Windows XP or Windows 7, or using DOSBox for very old games. VMs enable users to operate multiple operating systems simultaneously, catering to different needs such as programming or graphic design. They can also help maintain privacy against workplace monitoring by isolating personal activities from employer-mandated tracking software. Additionally, VMs allow users to safely explore potentially harmful software for cybersecurity purposes, although caution is advised due to the risk of sophisticated malware escaping the VM. Backing up an entire operating system within a VM is straightforward, involving the management of files like virtual disk images and configuration files, but users should be aware of legal considerations regarding sharing or duplicating VMs.

Winsage

November 11, 2024

Microsoft shares policy after upgrade debacle around Windows Server 2025

Microsoft clarified its update policies after an unintended push of Windows Server 2025 to systems running Windows Server 2019 and 2022. The upgrade was intended to be optional, but some third-party products may have triggered automatic updates. This issue is linked to a common update known as KB5044284, which was misclassified by certain patch management systems, leading to unexpected upgrades. A system administrator from Heimdal Security raised concerns about the misclassification, while Heimdal attributed the issue to Microsoft. However, some users argued that the fault lay with Heimdal. Microsoft did not assign a KB number to Windows Server 2025, identified by build 26100.1742. The incident has raised concerns among system administrators about the risks of unscheduled upgrades, which can disrupt services and create licensing issues. Windows Server 2025 has encountered several significant problems, including installation text errors, startup issues in iSCSI environments, and compatibility problems with high-thread CPUs.

Winsage

November 5, 2024

Windows 2025 being pushed via Windows updates?

Microsoft is automatically upgrading Windows Server 2022 systems to Windows Server 2025 without prior notification, causing concerns among IT administrators. Users have reported that their managed server environments received the upgrade via WSUS, leading to operational challenges, especially in clustered environments. Some users prefer clean installations over in-place upgrades due to past difficulties. A specific update, KB5044284, may have triggered these unexpected upgrades by being misidentified as an operating system update. Discussions on Reddit indicate that the upgrade process appears inconsistent across different Windows versions, with some systems labeling it as a "feature" update.