SSDs Archives

Tech Optimizer

September 1, 2026

Autoscaling Lakebase Postgres

Choosing a database instance size without prior knowledge of the workload can lead to inefficiencies and excessive compute usage. Lakebase Postgres addresses this with an autoscaling feature that eliminates manual sizing, utilizing in-place VM resizing and a monitoring algorithm for CPU, memory, and working set size. Lakebase Postgres separates compute and storage layers, allowing independent resizing of compute nodes without affecting the database. The autoscaling algorithm relies on three signals: CPU load (cpuGoalCU), memory use (memGoalCU), and compute-cache working set size (lfcGoalCU). The CPU load is monitored every five seconds, aiming to maintain it at or below 90% capacity. Memory usage is tracked at two frequencies: overall memory every five seconds and Postgres-specific memory every 100 milliseconds, with a goal to keep usage below 75% of allocated RAM. The compute cache evaluates active data access efficiency, adjusting size based on workload. The working set is estimated using a modified HyperLogLog algorithm that records timestamps for page accesses, allowing for distinct page estimates over various time frames. The algorithm projects future working-set growth to allocate sufficient cache while capping it at 75% of RAM. Resizing the compute involves four components: the autoscaler-agent, vm-monitor, Kubernetes scheduler, and NeonVM. Scaling up occurs when any of the three goals indicate a need for more resources, while scaling down includes verification to ensure sufficient memory remains for operations. Timely adjustments in both directions are prioritized to minimize costs.

Winsage

August 29, 2026

I finally found out what Windows does during “Getting things ready” — and I’m no longer annoyed

Windows Patch Tuesdays often lead to uncertainty for users due to the "Getting things ready" screen, which lacks a percentage bar or estimated time of completion. During this time, Windows is performing complex tasks managed by the Update Orchestrator, which assesses applicable components of updates, prepares necessary files, and stages them for installation. The servicing stack, including Component-Based Servicing (CBS), ensures that only relevant parts of an update are applied at the component level. The update process involves checks, package handling, staging, installation, and finalization, influenced by each PC's unique configuration, installed components, optional features, and drivers. The variability in wait times is due to these factors, and while Microsoft does not provide precise completion times, clearer messaging about the current task could improve user experience. The lack of information can create confusion between necessary updates and a system that appears stuck.

Tech Optimizer

August 26, 2026

AVG Antivirus Review 2026: Is the Free Version Enough?

AVG AntiVirus Free has an overall rating of 4.2 out of 5 stars, with specific scores of 4.7 for protection, 4.3 for performance and features, and 3.5 for customer support. The software is available for free or can be purchased starting at .88 for the first year, with pricing verified in August 2026. It achieved a 99.77% malware detection rate with only four false alarms and offers features such as real-time protection and Ransomware Protection. However, customer support is rated lower, and there are upselling prompts after scans. AVG is owned by Gen Digital and has been in operation for over 35 years, originally founded as Grisoft in the Czech Republic. The free version includes essential features like File Shield, Behavior Shield, Web Shield, Email Shield, and Ransomware Protection, while some features like Enhanced Firewall and Fake Website Shield are exclusive to paid versions. AVG's performance on Windows 11 has been validated by independent tests, scoring 6/6/6 in AV-TEST and achieving a 96.3% offline detection rate in AV-Comparatives. The software is available across multiple platforms, including Windows, Mac, Android, and iOS. AVG's customer support includes email and phone options, with a reasonable response time. The software is safe to install when downloaded from official sources, and it has been recognized for its effectiveness in malware detection.

Tech Optimizer

August 22, 2026

Best Ransomware Protection 2026: Tested and Ranked

Ransomware protection is best approached as a layered strategy rather than relying on a single solution. The effectiveness of software is significantly enhanced by maintaining a well-managed backup that is disconnected during an attack. Five tools were evaluated based on their default settings, focusing on behavioral detection, protected folders, file rollback, and real-time protection. 1. Norton 360: Rated as the best overall ransomware protection, it offers comprehensive features including behavioral monitoring, protected folders with dual alert modes, and 50 GB of cloud backup within a single subscription. It has a perfect score in advanced threat assessments. 2. Bitdefender: Recognized for its file rollback and remediation capabilities, it provides an effective "undo" feature that restores files, although this feature is turned off by default. 3. Avast One Free: The best free ransomware protection option, it includes a dedicated shield on the free Windows tier and has achieved a perfect score in advanced threat assessments. 4. NordVPN Threat Protection Pro: Best for blocking the delivery route of ransomware, it prevents downloads before encryption starts but cannot stop the process once it has begun. 5. McAfee: Best for protecting multiple devices simultaneously, it offers unlimited device coverage on most plans with integrated ransomware defense in its scanning engine. Modern ransomware protection software has shifted from signature matching to focusing on monitoring the behavior of processes interacting with files. The four essential layers of protection include behavioral monitoring, protected folders, automatic file rollback, and backup. Most users do not need a separate anti-ransomware product, as these features are typically included in main antivirus suites, with the key consideration being whether these features are activated. The rankings of the tools were based on whether the ransomware protection layer is enabled by default, the extent of file recovery when intervention occurs, and the frequency of false positives during normal use. - Norton 360: Best overall, with protection enabled by default and a perfect score in advanced threat testing. - Bitdefender: Best for file rollback, but the rollback feature is disabled by default. - Avast One Free: Best free option, with a perfect score in advanced threat assessments but lacks rollback capabilities. - NordVPN Threat Protection Pro: Effective at blocking malware downloads but does not provide rollback or backup features. - McAfee: Suitable for families with multiple devices, offering automatic backup of flagged files but lacks user-configurable protected folder options. The effectiveness of ransomware protection tools is primarily assessed through behavioral responses rather than library matching. Backup remains a critical layer of defense, functioning even when other layers fail.

Tech Optimizer

August 18, 2026

Avira Antivirus Review 2026: Plans, Test Results, and Alternatives

Avira has an overall rating of 4.2 out of 5 stars, with specific ratings as follows: Protection: 4.2/5, Performance: 3.9/5, Features: 4.6/5, Support: 4.0/5, and Value: 4.3/5. Pricing starts at .99 for the first year. Avira's detection rate is 99.96%, but it has a slower full scan time of 18 minutes and 14 seconds and flagged 12 false positives during testing. The software includes a free tier with a VPN, password manager, and software updater, while the paid version, Avira Prime, covers up to five devices for .99 in the first year. Avira Operations GmbH, based in Germany, was acquired by NortonLifeLock in 2021, forming Gen Digital. The software is considered safe and trustworthy, with a clean installation process and detailed privacy policy. Avira's free version offers real-time protection, web safety features, a firewall, and a limited VPN service, but lacks automatic patching and unlimited VPN data.

Winsage

August 13, 2026

How to Turn Your Idle Home PC into a File Server Using Built-in Windows Features

Many individuals are repurposing older PCs into home file servers, especially those not eligible for the Windows 11 update. This process utilizes built-in Windows features, allowing families to share files across devices without additional software, making it cost-effective since it leverages existing hardware. The setup involves four steps: preparing storage, creating a local account, creating shared folders, and accessing them from other PCs. Guidelines suggest around 500GB for photos and 1TB for videos. Compared to commercially available NAS devices, repurposing a PC incurs virtually no cost, while NAS options range from approximately ¥30,000 to ¥80,000. Performance tests show that mini PCs as file servers can achieve read speeds of about 4.8GB/s and write speeds of around 4.5GB/s on a 2.5GbE network. This method is particularly appealing for older PCs, allowing users to maximize resources rather than discard them, while also addressing the growing demand for efficient file sharing in households. Data backup and security measures are essential considerations when operating a file server.

AppWizard

August 13, 2026

“I’m not interested in bypassing DRM” – Preservationist brings back physical PC games using discs and even mechanical HDD “cartridges”

Preservationists are finding innovative ways to keep physical media alive, including modern PC games. Archades Games, led by Ryan Enstrom, offers options to transfer new titles onto discs and cartridges. At the Utah Retro GameXpo, Enstrom showcased discs compatible with platforms like Steam, GOG, and the Xbox app. He uses GOG's DRM-free installers, emphasizing adherence to licensing agreements. Enstrom notes that most games released before 2020 can run from mechanical drives, and the Xbox app can dynamically detect drive changes, unlike Steam. He has developed a custom user interface for multi-carts and created custom Blu-rays for retro games. While these products are not for sale, there is potential for publishers to adopt this idea, promoting physical PC games. Archades Games provides video tutorials and resources for those interested in converting digital collections into physical formats.

Winsage

August 13, 2026

Windows License Price Hike: Microsoft Raises OEM Fees

Microsoft will increase licensing fees for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) by an average of 7% to 10% starting in July 2026. This increase will particularly affect larger manufacturers with significant volume orders and is expected to lead to a price hike of approximately 3% to 5% for pre-built systems. The licensing fee structure varies based on hardware tiering, volume discounts, and pre-installed software agreements. Individual builders purchasing standalone retail licenses for Windows 11 will not see any price changes. Consumers buying new laptops or pre-built desktops may notice subtle price adjustments as manufacturers adjust to the increased costs.

Winsage

August 10, 2026

Microsoft reportedly pours fuel on PC pricing flames as it implements a ‘significant increase’ for Windows 11 licenses

Microsoft has increased the price of Windows 11 licenses for PC manufacturers by approximately 7% to 10% as of last month, affecting companies like Acer and Asus. This price hike occurs amidst rising costs in the PC market, particularly for RAM and other components, but has not elicited significant reactions from consumers or businesses.

Winsage

August 4, 2026

Windows 11 Runs Perfectly With 8GB Of RAM And Other Amusing Musings By Microsoft

Pavan Davuluri, Microsoft’s Executive Vice President for Windows and Devices, criticized LG for including non-Microsoft pop-up ads on Windows machines and discussed upcoming enhancements for Windows 11. Notably, promotional content will be removed from local search results, a change that raises questions about its classification as an improvement. Many updates to Windows 11 have focused on removing unwanted features rather than introducing new ones, particularly in applications like Notepad and Paint. Davuluri also mentioned improvements in memory efficiency and latency but did not provide a timeline for these changes. The focus on optimizing memory management is seen as a response to declining PC sales due to high RAM and SSD prices, prompting Microsoft to reassess RAM requirements for Windows 11.