surveillance

The report discusses a sophisticated Android malware targeting users in India, which disguises itself as legitimate banking applications to steal credentials and conduct unauthorized financial activities. The malware employs advanced techniques such as silent installation, exploitation of Android permissions, and remote command execution to avoid detection. It utilizes Firebase for command-and-control operations and phishing pages that mimic real banking interfaces. The malware consists of a modular architecture with a dropper and a main payload. The dropper requests several Android permissions, including ACCESSNETWORKSTATE, REQUESTINSTALLPACKAGES, and QUERYALLPACKAGES, which facilitate reconnaissance and persistence. The dropper uses a silent installation mechanism to load additional payloads without user awareness. The main payload requests permissions that enable data theft and stealthy operation, such as READSMS, SENDSMS, and RECEIVEBOOTCOMPLETED. It hides itself from the user's app list and employs separate classes for specific malicious tasks, including harvesting user credentials and collecting debit card information. The phishing page mimics a legitimate banking app to capture user data effectively. The malware also monitors incoming SMS messages, extracts critical metadata, and can silently forward calls to an attacker-controlled number. A specific APK sample impersonating an Indian banking application was observed on April 3, 2025, highlighting ongoing trends in mobile-based credential theft and financial fraud. Recommendations include enforcing stricter mobile application security standards, launching public awareness campaigns, implementing threat intelligence-driven filtering, and deploying mobile endpoint detection solutions.