system security Archives

Winsage

February 18, 2025

Windows 10 Approaches Its End of Life: What You Need to Know

Microsoft has announced that Windows 10 will reach its end of support on October 14, 2025, meaning it will no longer receive security updates, bug fixes, or technical support. Users will be left vulnerable to malware and other cyber threats, and existing system issues will remain unresolved. Microsoft recommends upgrading to Windows 11, which offers new features, improved performance, and enhanced security. Users can upgrade to Windows 11 through Windows Update if their devices meet the system requirements. If not, they may need to consider new hardware. While Windows 10 will still receive security updates until the end of support date, it will not receive new features, prompting users to plan their migration to avoid security risks. It is advised to back up important data before transitioning to ensure a smooth upgrade process.

Winsage

February 17, 2025

Windows 11 and 10 receive key security improvements

Microsoft has released significant updates for Windows 11 and Windows 10, focusing on system security and user-friendly features. The February 2025 update includes security patches and functional improvements for both operating systems. For Windows 11 users on versions 23H2 and 24H2, notable features include automatic tab restoration in File Explorer, quick access to Windows Studio Effects from the taskbar for devices with Neural Processing Units (NPU), refined taskbar app preview animations, and improvements to Auto HDR for better visual clarity in games. Additionally, issues with slow shutdowns when game controllers are connected and USB camera recognition have been addressed. For Windows 10 users on builds 19044.5487 and 19045.5487, the update integrates the new Outlook app into the system menu while preserving existing email settings and fixes a virtual memory leak issue that caused crashes in resource-intensive applications. Both updates address 55 security vulnerabilities, including: - CVE-2025-21391: risk of unauthorized file deletion in Windows storage - CVE-2025-21377: NTLM hash leakage potentially compromising user accounts - CVE-2025-21194: flaw in the hypervisor that could bypass UEFI security Users are advised to install these updates promptly due to the increased risk of exploitation. Some features will be rolled out gradually over the coming weeks.

Winsage

December 27, 2024

Microsoft warns Windows 11 install media bug blocks future security updates

Microsoft has issued a caution regarding the installation of Windows 11 version 24H2 using physical media, specifically if the media contains security updates from October 8 to November 12, 2024. In such cases, the operating system may not accept future security updates. This issue does not affect systems receiving updates through Windows Update or the Microsoft Update Catalog, nor does it impact installations using the December 2024 security update. Microsoft recommends creating new installation media that includes the December 2024 security update to ensure future updates can be received. Users who have already installed version 24H2 with the October or November updates should apply the December 2024 security update to restore their system's ability to accept future updates. Microsoft is working on a permanent solution to this issue. Users have also reported challenges with the Disk Cleanup tool and speaker volume spikes since the launch of version 24H2. Maintaining an updated version of Windows 11 is essential for security, stability, and performance, as updates address vulnerabilities and fix bugs.

Winsage

December 23, 2024

Your Windows 11 PC is acting up? 4 essential settings I always check first

Windows 11 users may experience a decline in performance due to resource-heavy applications, unoptimized settings, or malware. A simple reboot can refresh the RAM and system connections. To enhance performance, users can: 1. Download the latest updates by checking the Windows Update section in Settings and installing any pending patches. Users can revert to a previous version if performance issues arise post-update. 2. Disable startup applications through the Task Manager to prevent them from launching at boot, which can improve system performance. OneDrive syncing can also be paused to reduce slowdowns. 3. Deactivate unused features, such as notifications and Transparency Effects, to free up system resources. 4. Remove malware by installing a robust antivirus program. Windows Security provides basic protection, but alternatives like Bitdefender Total Security or AVG Antivirus may offer more comprehensive security against threats.

Winsage

December 20, 2024

Why Windows 11 requires a TPM – and how to get around it

Microsoft introduced a hardware compatibility requirement for Windows 11 in 2021, mandating the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0 standard. A TPM is a secure cryptoprocessor designed to manage security-related tasks and encryption keys, enhancing system security by encrypting data, generating random numbers, and validating digital signatures. The TPM architecture is defined by the ISO/IEC 11889 standard. TPM can be integrated as a chip on a motherboard or within firmware, with major companies like Intel, AMD, and Qualcomm adopting this technology. TPM 2.0 is essential for Windows security features, working with Secure Boot to ensure only trusted code is executed at startup and facilitating biometric authentication through Windows Hello. It also secures BitLocker keys, making unauthorized data access difficult. Most PCs manufactured from 2016 onwards include TPM 2.0 by default, while older systems may have limited TPM capabilities or adhere to the unsupported TPM 1.2 standard. Users can check their TPM status using the System Information tool. TPM functionality is not exclusive to Windows; it is also utilized in Linux PCs and IoT devices, while Apple devices use a different architecture called Secure Enclave. Windows 10 and 11 automatically initialize the TPM during installation, and users can upgrade to Windows 11 with any version of TPM through a registry modification.

Winsage

December 17, 2024

Leaving Windows 10 for Linux? 5 security differences to consider first

Linux is generally considered to offer superior security compared to Windows, with the author having experienced only one significant security incident in nearly three decades of use. 1. Windows 10 includes Windows Defender as a default firewall, while many Linux distributions, such as Ubuntu and Fedora, do not have their firewalls enabled by default. Linux firewalls allow for detailed configurations, although default settings are often sufficient for most users. 2. In Windows, administrative tasks can often be performed with a simple confirmation, whereas Linux requires users to enter their password for administrative actions using the sudo command, enhancing security. 3. Windows 10 has limited user-configurable permissions, while Linux provides comprehensive control over file and folder permissions through both command line and GUI options, contributing to its enhanced security reputation. 4. Antivirus and antimalware solutions are essential for Windows users to protect against threats, while Linux does not require such software due to its design prioritizing user permissions and advanced security measures. 5. Linux responds rapidly to vulnerabilities, often releasing patches within hours, unlike Windows, which may take weeks to address vulnerabilities and follows a Patch Tuesday schedule for updates.

Winsage

December 10, 2024

The Windows Security Journey — PatchGuard (Kernel Patch Protection)

PatchGuard, or Kernel Patch Protection (KPP), is a security feature in 64-bit versions of Windows designed to protect the operating system's integrity by preventing unauthorized modifications to kernel code and data structures. It periodically scans kernel areas, computes checksums, and compares them to boot-time values; discrepancies result in a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) with BugCheck code 0x109. Introduced in 2005 with Windows XP and Windows Server 2003, its internal verification processes are mostly undisclosed, but believed to be randomized. Techniques to bypass PatchGuard include "GhostHook," "InfinityHook," and "ByePg."

Winsage

December 5, 2024

How to use Windows Task Manager to disable suspicious files

Windows Task Manager allows users to monitor and manage applications and processes, providing an overview of CPU usage, memory allocation, and network activity. It helps in troubleshooting by identifying and terminating unresponsive programs. Task Manager is also useful for detecting and eliminating malicious processes that may appear as legitimate applications. Users should avoid terminating system-critical processes labeled “Windows” or from trusted publishers like Microsoft to prevent system instability. To open Task Manager, press Ctrl + Shift + Esc or right-click on the taskbar and select "Task Manager."

Tech Optimizer

November 27, 2024

Top 5 Free Antivirus Protection Programs (2025)

Free antivirus software provides essential protection against viruses, malware, and online threats without cost. Key features often include real-time scanning, automated updates, and basic security measures. Notable free antivirus programs for 2025 include: - Bitdefender Antivirus Free Edition: Offers real-time protection, on-demand scanning, and anti-phishing features with low system impact. - Avira Free Security: Includes real-time protection, web protection, a VPN, a password manager, and a system optimizer. - Sophos Home Free: A cloud-managed solution that uses AI for threat detection and includes parental controls. - AVG AntiVirus Free: Known for reliable protection against malware and includes a ransomware decryption tool. - Microsoft Defender: Built into Windows, it provides decent protection and receives regular updates. Choosing the right antivirus depends on individual needs; options vary in features and performance impact. Free antivirus programs typically lack advanced features found in paid versions, such as comprehensive malware detection, firewall protection, and priority customer support. Independent labs test antivirus software for effectiveness, focusing on detection rates, false positives, and performance impact. Some free antivirus tools offer additional features like password managers and limited VPN access, but many advanced functions require payment. Overall, while free antivirus solutions may not be as comprehensive as paid options, they still provide solid protection for everyday users.

Winsage

November 27, 2024

How to Delay Windows Updates and Tell Microsoft to Leave You Alone

Microsoft provides annual updates and monthly security patches for Windows 10 and Windows 11. Major updates have faced challenges, including a blue screen of death from an August 2023 update for Windows 11 and printer functionality issues from a July 2022 security patch for Windows 10. Users can now delay significant feature updates, a change from Microsoft's previous mandatory update policy. To pause updates, users can pause for seven days through the Settings menu, with a total pause duration of 35 days available. Windows 10 users can pause updates by clicking "Pause updates for 7 days" up to five times or selecting a specific date in Advanced Options. Windows 11 users can choose how many weeks to pause updates using a drop-down menu. Active hours can be adjusted to prevent updates during specific times, ensuring uninterrupted work. Users can set active hours manually or allow Windows to adjust them automatically. For Windows 10 or 11 Pro, Enterprise, or Education users, updates can be deferred for up to 365 days using the Local Group Policy Editor. This feature is beneficial for businesses to test updates before broader rollout. Users can also configure notifications for updates instead of automatic installations. If an update causes issues, Windows provides options to roll back changes.