threat actors Archives

Winsage

March 2, 2026

RAT Malware Via Windows Explorer Puts Crypto at Risk

Cofense Intelligence reported that threat actors are exploiting Windows File Explorer and WebDAV servers to deliver Remote Access Trojans (RATs) to corporate systems, bypassing browser security measures. This method allows attackers to infiltrate machines without using web browsers, taking advantage of File Explorer's ability to connect to remote WebDAV servers. Despite WebDAV being deprecated by Microsoft in November 2023, it is still supported in Windows, creating a vulnerability. The campaigns began in February 2024, with a significant increase in September 2024, and 87% of these campaigns deliver multiple RATs, including XWorm, Async RAT, and DcRAT. Victims typically receive phishing emails disguised as invoices, containing URL or LNK shortcut files that initiate a WebDAV connection. The attacks often utilize Cloudflare Tunnel for hosting malicious WebDAV servers, making the traffic appear legitimate. Notably, 50% of affected campaigns are in German, while 30% are in English. The report emphasizes the risks posed to individuals holding digital assets, as RATs can access sensitive information, including crypto wallet files. Organizations are advised to monitor network traffic for Cloudflare Tunnel instances and educate users about the risks associated with File Explorer's capabilities.

Winsage

March 1, 2026

Hackers Abuse Windows File Explorer and WebDAV for Stealthy Malware Delivery

Cybercriminals are exploiting a legacy feature in Windows File Explorer, specifically the WebDAV protocol, to distribute malware and bypass traditional security measures. Despite Microsoft deprecating native WebDAV support in November 2023, it remains active on many systems. Attackers use WebDAV to deceive victims into executing malicious payloads by sending links that connect File Explorer directly to remote servers, avoiding web browsers and their security warnings. They employ methods such as direct linking, URL shortcut files, and LNK shortcut files to deliver exploits. The primary objective of these campaigns, which surged in late 2024, is to deploy Remote Access Trojans (RATs), with 87% of Active Threat Reports involving multiple RATs like XWorm RAT, Async RAT, and DcRAT. These campaigns predominantly target corporate networks in Europe, with many phishing emails written in German and English. Attackers use short-lived WebDAV servers hosted on Cloudflare Tunnel demo accounts to obscure their infrastructure. Security analysts are advised to monitor unusual network activity from Windows Explorer and educate users to verify addresses in File Explorer.

Tech Optimizer

February 22, 2026

Researchers Discover First Android Malware Using Generative AI for Persistence

Security researchers have identified a new Android Trojan named PromptSpy that uses generative AI technology to enhance its persistence on compromised devices. Discovered by ESET researchers, PromptSpy leverages Google's Gemini AI model to analyze infected device screens and generate tailored instructions for embedding itself within recent apps lists. It includes a Virtual Network Computing (VNC) module that allows attackers full remote control over the device, enabling activities such as viewing the screen, performing actions remotely, capturing lock screen data, blocking uninstallation attempts, gathering device information, taking screenshots, and recording screen activity as video. The malware communicates with command-and-control servers using AES encryption and exploits Android Accessibility Services, making it difficult to remove. PromptSpy is distributed through a dedicated website and is financially motivated, adapting to various Android interfaces and operating system versions. ESET's analysis indicates that the malware is regionally targeted, with a focus on Argentina, and may have been developed in a Chinese-speaking environment. The same threat actor is believed to be responsible for both VNCSpy and PromptSpy.

AppWizard

February 19, 2026

PromptSpy Android Malware Abuses Google Gemini to Automate Recent-Apps Persistence

Cybersecurity researchers have identified a new Android malware named PromptSpy that utilizes Google's Gemini AI chatbot to enhance its capabilities and persistence on infected devices. PromptSpy can capture lockscreen data, obstruct uninstallation, gather device information, take screenshots, and record screen activity. It integrates Gemini to analyze the current screen and provide instructions to keep the malware active in the recent apps list. The malware uses a hard-coded AI model and communicates with a command-and-control server via the VNC protocol, allowing remote access to the victim's device. It is financially motivated, targeting users in Argentina, and was developed in a Chinese-speaking environment. PromptSpy is distributed through a dedicated website and is considered an advanced version of a previously unidentified malware called VNCSpy.

Winsage

February 11, 2026

Patch Tuesday, February 2026 Edition

Microsoft has released updates addressing over 50 vulnerabilities in its Windows operating systems and applications, including six critical zero-day vulnerabilities. 1. CVE-2026-21510: A security feature bypass in Windows Shell that allows execution of malicious content via a single click on a link, affecting all supported Windows versions. 2. CVE-2026-21513: Targets MSHTML, the web browser engine in Windows. 3. CVE-2026-21514: A security feature bypass in Microsoft Word. 4. CVE-2026-21533: Allows local attackers to gain SYSTEM level access in Windows Remote Desktop Services. 5. CVE-2026-21519: An elevation of privilege flaw in the Desktop Window Manager (DWM). 6. CVE-2026-21525: A potential denial-of-service threat in the Windows Remote Access Connection Manager. Additionally, the updates include fixes for remote code execution vulnerabilities affecting GitHub Copilot and various IDEs, specifically CVE-2026-21516, CVE-2026-21523, and CVE-2026-21256, which arise from a command injection flaw. Security experts emphasize the importance of safeguarding developers due to their access to sensitive data and recommend applying least-privilege principles.

Tech Optimizer

January 29, 2026

Top antivirus hacked to push out a malicious update – find out if you’re affected

Recent reports indicate that the antivirus program eScan experienced a security breach, leading MicroWorld Technologies to conduct an internal investigation. A threat actor exploited compromised update servers to distribute malware to users who downloaded updates during a two-hour window on January 20, 2026. The exact number of affected users is unknown, but the company has isolated the compromised infrastructure and refreshed credentials while assisting impacted users. The eScan product itself was not altered, and the victims were limited to a specific regional cluster. The malware, identified as CONSCTLX, operates as a backdoor and downloader, allowing attackers to maintain access and execute commands on infected devices. The identity of the attackers is unknown, but North Korean cybercriminals previously exploited eScan's update mechanism in 2024. MicroWorld Technologies has provided support to millions of customers but has not disclosed the total number of eScan users.

Tech Optimizer

January 19, 2026

PDFSIDER Malware Actively Used by Threat Actors to Bypass Antivirus and EDR Defenses

PDFSIDER is a sophisticated backdoor malware that bypasses modern endpoint detection and response systems. It is distributed through targeted spear-phishing campaigns that exploit vulnerabilities in legitimate PDF software. The malware is delivered via spear-phishing emails containing ZIP archives with a trojanized executable disguised as the PDF24 App. When executed, it uses DLL side-loading to load a malicious DLL (cryptbase.dll) alongside the legitimate PDF24.exe, allowing attackers to execute code without detection. PDFSIDER establishes encrypted command-and-control channels using the Botan 3.0.0 cryptographic library with AES-256 in GCM mode and operates mainly in memory to minimize detectable artifacts. It collects system information and executes commands through hidden cmd.exe processes. The malware employs advanced techniques to evade detection in sandbox and virtual machine environments, including checks for available RAM and debugger presence. Indicators of compromise include the malicious file cryptbase.dll and various clean files associated with the legitimate PDF24 application. Organizations are advised to enforce strict controls on executable files, provide user awareness training, and monitor DNS queries and encrypted traffic to detect PDFSIDER communications. The malware's behavior aligns with tactics used in state-sponsored espionage rather than financially motivated cybercrime.

Winsage

January 16, 2026

Easterly helms RSAC, Windows update problems, Police Copilot gaffe

Jen Easterly has been appointed as the new Chief Executive Officer of the RSA Conference. She is a cybersecurity expert and former Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA). Palo Alto Networks has released security updates for a vulnerability (CVE-2026-0227) with a CVSS score of 7.7 affecting its GlobalProtect Gateway and Portal, which can cause a denial-of-service condition in PAN-OS software. The January 2026 security update from Microsoft has caused connection and authentication failures in Azure Virtual Desktop and Windows 365, affecting users across various Windows versions. Microsoft is working on a resolution. The chief constable of West Midlands Police acknowledged an error by Microsoft’s Copilot AI in generating a fictional intelligence report. Microsoft has not confirmed Copilot's involvement. Britain’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has collaborated with Five Eyes partners to provide guidance on securing industrial operational technology, highlighting risks associated with remotely monitored systems. Kyowon, a South Korean conglomerate, confirmed a ransomware attack on January 10 that may have compromised customer information, affecting approximately 5.5 million members. Researchers at Varonis have identified a new attack technique called "Reprompt" that allows data exfiltration from Microsoft Copilot via a malicious link, exploiting a Parameter 2 Prompt (P2P) injection technique. Central Maine Healthcare is notifying over 145,000 patients about a data breach that compromised personal, treatment, and health insurance information, discovered on June 1.

Winsage

January 15, 2026

Windows info-disclosure 0-day bug gets a fix as CISA sounds alarm

Microsoft and the U.S. government have issued a warning about a vulnerability in Windows, designated CVE-2026-20805, which is currently being exploited. This flaw allows an authorized attacker to leak a memory address from a remote ALPC port, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. It has a medium severity rating of 5.5 on the CVSS scale. The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added this vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog and requires federal agencies to implement a patch by February 3. Additionally, two other vulnerabilities were acknowledged: CVE-2026-21265, a secure boot certificate expiration bypass with a CVSS rating of 6.4, and CVE-2023-31096, an elevation of privilege flaw affecting third-party Agere Modem drivers, rated at 7.8. Two more vulnerabilities, CVE-2026-20952 (CVSS 7.7) and CVE-2026-20953 (CVSS 7.4), are use-after-free flaws in Office that could allow unauthorized code execution.

Winsage

January 14, 2026

Microsoft Fixes 114 Windows Flaws in January 2026 Patch, One Actively Exploited

On Tuesday, Microsoft released its first security update for 2026, addressing 114 vulnerabilities, including eight classified as Critical and 106 as Important. The vulnerabilities include 58 related to privilege escalation, 22 concerning information disclosure, 21 linked to remote code execution, and five categorized as spoofing flaws. A notable vulnerability, CVE-2026-20805, involves information disclosure within the Desktop Window Manager (DWM) and has a CVSS score of 5.5. The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has added this flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, requiring federal agencies to implement fixes by February 3, 2026. Additionally, Microsoft announced the expiration of three Windows Secure Boot certificates issued in 2011, effective June 2026, urging customers to transition to newer certificates to avoid disruptions. The update also removed vulnerable Agere Soft Modem drivers due to a local privilege escalation flaw (CVE-2023-31096) and addressed another critical privilege escalation flaw in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (CVE-2026-20876) with a CVSS score of 6.7. Other vendors, including Adobe, Amazon Web Services, and Cisco, have also released security patches for various vulnerabilities.