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Windows NT 4.0

New Browser-Based RDP for Secure Remote Windows Server Access
Winsage
March 24, 2025

New Browser-Based RDP for Secure Remote Windows Server Access

Cloudflare has launched a clientless, browser-based Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) solution that enhances its Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) capabilities for secure access to Windows servers. This solution eliminates the need for traditional RDP clients and utilizes IronRDP, a high-performance RDP client developed in Rust, which operates within the browser. The implementation secures RDP sessions using TLS-based WebSocket connections and integrates with Cloudflare Access for authentication through JSON Web Tokens (JWT). The system supports modern security standards, including Single Sign-On (SSO), Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), and device posture checks. Cloudflare plans to add session monitoring, data loss prevention features, and pursue FedRAMP High certification for compliance with government standards.
Kernel shellcode persistence technique in APT attacks and SAS CTF challenge
Winsage
October 18, 2024

Kernel shellcode persistence technique in APT attacks and SAS CTF challenge

On May 18, 2024, Kaspersky’s Global Research & Analysis Team conducted the qualifying round of the SAS Capture the Flag (CTF) competition, which involved over 800 teams addressing cybersecurity challenges. One significant challenge highlighted a security vulnerability in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 systems, allowing kernel shellcode to be concealed in the system registry and executed during boot. This vulnerability is linked to an incomplete fix for CVE-2010-4398. Despite the end of security updates for Windows 7 in early 2020, the flaw was known to be only partially addressed, with exploitation evidence dating back to 2018. The vulnerability affects Windows operating systems from NT 4.0 through Windows 7, allowing kernel shellcode to persist and execute at boot. Attackers exploit it through stack buffer overflows in the "dxgmms1.sys" and "dxgkrnl.sys" drivers using the RtlQueryRegistryValues function. In the CTF challenge, participants analyzed registry hives to identify a crash source, set up debugging for blue screen events, and examined a keylogger payload. The final competition of the SAS CTF will take place in Bali from October 22-25, 2024.
8 Windows features that used to require a premium edition
Winsage
September 3, 2024

8 Windows features that used to require a premium edition

- The Task Scheduler, originally known as System Agent, was first introduced in Windows 95 as part of the Microsoft Plus! add-on pack and is now integrated into Windows 11 Home. - BitLocker, introduced in Windows Vista for Enterprise and Ultimate editions, became available in Pro editions with Windows 8 and is utilized in Windows 11 Home for default encryption. - Windows Fax and Scan was initially exclusive to Business, Enterprise, and Ultimate editions in Windows Vista but became standard in all versions starting with Windows 7 and is still present in Windows 11. - The Windows Mobility Center was introduced in Windows Vista for the Home Premium edition and remains in Windows 11, though its significance has diminished. - Internet Explorer 1.0 was bundled with the Microsoft Plus! add-on pack in the 90s and became a standard feature in Windows, but was discontinued in 2023. - The Snipping Tool was initially exclusive to the Tablet PC Edition of Windows XP and later required the Home Premium edition in Windows Vista, becoming standard in all editions starting with Windows 7. - Tablet support features were limited in earlier Windows versions but became more widely available, culminating in seamless touch support in Windows 11. - Windows 7 imposed RAM limitations based on edition, with Home Basic supporting a maximum of 8GB, while Windows 11 Home and Pro now support up to 128GB and Enterprise editions up to 2TB.
Microsoft formally deprecates the 39-year-old Windows Control Panel
Winsage
August 23, 2024

Microsoft formally deprecates the 39-year-old Windows Control Panel

The Control Panel in Windows is being gradually phased out in favor of the Settings app, which offers a more modern experience. The Settings app was introduced in Windows 8 in 2012 as a touchscreen-friendly alternative and has absorbed many functionalities from the Control Panel, becoming a comprehensive replacement by the time Windows 11 was launched. Although individual Control Panel applets are disappearing, existing applets will remain intact with the upcoming 24H2 update. The Control Panel's design has remained largely unchanged since Windows NT 4.0 in 1996, with its origins dating back to Windows 1.0 in 1985. Most current designs were established during Windows Vista and Windows 7, while Windows 11 has not significantly updated the Control Panel, which retains its classic appearance.
Microsoft boosts Windows’ FAT32 partition size limit after nearly three decades
Winsage
August 17, 2024

Microsoft boosts Windows’ FAT32 partition size limit after nearly three decades

Microsoft has increased the maximum FAT32 partition size limit from 32GB to 2TB in the latest Windows 11 Insider Canary Preview Build, utilizing the command line. This change addresses a limitation that has existed for nearly three decades since the era of Windows NT 4.0. However, the Windows graphical user interface (GUI) for partitioning still enforces the 32GB cap. Retired Microsoft system engineer Dave Plummer revealed that he set the 32GB limit in the mid-1990s, believing it would soon become obsolete, and clarified that the cap was intended to optimize storage efficiency rather than promote NTFS.
New Windows 11 build removes ancient, arbitrary 32GB size limit for FAT32 disks
Winsage
August 16, 2024

New Windows 11 build removes ancient, arbitrary 32GB size limit for FAT32 disks

Microsoft is lifting the long-standing 32GB limitation on FAT32 partitions in the upcoming Windows 11 24H2 update. This change, introduced through the Canary channel of the Windows Insider program, allows for the creation of new FAT32 partitions up to the filesystem's theoretical maximum of 2TB, although it is currently only accessible via command-line formatting tools. The 32GB cap originated from a decision made by former Microsoft programmer Dave Plummer during the development of Windows in the 1990s. While FAT32 has become less relevant compared to NTFS and exFAT, it still serves specific needs for formatting disks for legacy systems.
Someone has shown a bold Windows XP overhaul by removing Internet Explorer’s core components
Winsage
August 1, 2024

Someone has shown a bold Windows XP overhaul by removing Internet Explorer’s core components

A developer has created a mod for Windows XP that operates without Internet Explorer, allowing users to experience the operating system without its core browser components. This mod replaces Windows XP Explorer with Windows NT 4.0 Explorer, enabling basic applications like Calculator and Paint to function, while certain applications reliant on Internet Explorer, such as Media Player, do not work. The mod features a nostalgic design reminiscent of earlier Windows versions, particularly in the taskbar and Start menu, but lacks pinned and recent apps. A YouTube video showcases the mod's functionalities. Additionally, third-party applications like Stardock's WindowsBlinds 11 can customize Windows 10 or 11 to mimic the Windows XP look without installing the mod. The mod can also be installed on a virtual machine for exploration.
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