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Researchers Yair and Shahak Morag from SafeBreach Labs introduced a new category of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks called the “Win-DoS Epidemic” at DEF CON 33. They identified four new vulnerabilities in Windows DoS and one zero-click distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) flaw, classified as “uncontrolled resource consumption.” The vulnerabilities include: - CVE-2025-26673 (CVSS 7.5): High-severity DoS vulnerability in Windows LDAP. - CVE-2025-32724 (CVSS 7.5): High-severity DoS vulnerability in Windows LSASS. - CVE-2025-49716 (CVSS 7.5): High-severity DoS vulnerability in Windows Netlogon. - CVE-2025-49722 (CVSS 5.7): Medium-severity DoS vulnerability in Windows Print Spooler, requiring an authenticated attacker on an adjacent network. These vulnerabilities can incapacitate Windows endpoints or servers, including Domain Controllers (DCs), potentially allowing for the creation of a DDoS botnet. The researchers also discovered a DDoS technique called Win-DDoS that exploits a flaw in the Windows LDAP client’s referral process, enabling attackers to redirect DCs to a victim server for continuous redirection. This method can leverage public DCs globally, creating a large, untraceable DDoS botnet without specialized infrastructure. Additionally, the researchers examined the Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol and found three new zero-click, unauthenticated DoS vulnerabilities that can crash any Windows system. They also identified another DoS flaw exploitable by any authenticated user on the network. The researchers released tools named “Win-DoS Epidemic” to exploit these vulnerabilities, highlighting the need for organizations to reassess their security measures regarding internal systems and services like DCs.