In a significant move aimed at enhancing the user experience, Microsoft has announced that it will enforce standardized USB-C specifications for Windows 11 laptops starting with the 24H2 update and beyond. This initiative mandates that PC manufacturers adhere to Microsoft’s guidelines for USB-C ports, transitioning from previously optional specifications to essential requirements.
New Standards for USB-C Ports
Historically, manufacturers enjoyed the flexibility to customize the performance of USB-C ports, often neglecting to leverage the full capabilities of the hardware. Currently, USB-C technology supports impressive charging throughput of up to 240 watts and data transfer speeds reaching 80 Gbps, with even higher rates of 120 Gbps available for monitors. Additionally, USB-C fully supports both DisplayPort and Thunderbolt protocols.
However, the lack of stringent enforcement has led to common frustrations among users. For instance, when attempting to connect a monitor via USB-C using a random cable, users often find themselves facing a dark screen, leaving them puzzled about the underlying issue. This ambiguity stems from the inconsistent application of USB-C standards, complicating troubleshooting efforts.
To address these challenges, Microsoft aims to eliminate USB-C uncertainty by establishing minimum hardware requirements for PCs through the Windows Hardware Compatibility Program (WHCP). This program will convert previously optional specifications into mandatory ones, ensuring that new Windows PCs displaying the WHCP label meet specific criteria.
- USB4 Requirements: All USB-C ports must support data transfer rates of either 40 Gbps or 80 Gbps and be fully compatible with Thunderbolt 3. Furthermore, these ports must provide a minimum charging power of 15 watts (7.5 watts for tablets) and support USB Power Delivery, PCIe tunneling, DisplayPort Alt Mode, and dual 4K@60Hz monitors.
- USB3 Requirements: All USB-C ports must facilitate data transfer at rates of 5 Gbps, 10 Gbps, or 20 Gbps, with charging capabilities ranging from 4.5 to 15 watts. While support for PCIe or Thunderbolt 3 is not required, the ports must be able to handle at least one display.
To earn the WHCP certification, laptop manufacturers will be required to rigorously test their devices using Microsoft’s Windows Hardware Lab Kit (HLK), ensuring compliance with these new standards.
