WhatsApp, a messaging platform owned by Meta, has become an integral part of daily communication for millions of Russians. However, the Russian government has raised concerns over the app’s compliance with local data localization laws, primarily due to its servers being located outside the country. Officials argue that foreign applications like WhatsApp and Telegram may jeopardize sensitive information, potentially exposing it to foreign entities. In response, the government has mandated that employees of state-owned companies, banks, and telecom sectors refrain from using WhatsApp for official communications, a directive that took effect earlier in 2025.
Moreover, there are indications that if Meta fails to align with Russian regulations, a complete ban on WhatsApp for all citizens could be on the horizon. Lawmakers emphasize that national security is paramount, advocating for a shift towards domestic technology solutions over reliance on foreign applications.
What will replace WhatsApp?
In light of these developments, Russia is actively working on a government-backed messaging service, informally dubbed “Vlad’s App” by some media outlets. While the official name is still pending, this new platform is being developed by a state-controlled IT company and is expected to launch by the end of 2025. The app aims to offer secure messaging, video calls, file sharing, and integration with various Russian government services. By promoting a domestic platform, the government seeks to enhance its control over information flow, safeguard sensitive data, and ensure adherence to local laws.
Additionally, the government is encouraging the use of other Russian messaging applications, such as VK Messenger, which, although available, has not yet achieved the widespread popularity of WhatsApp or Telegram.
How will this affect ordinary people?
Currently, the ban applies solely to government and state employees, but experts speculate that broader restrictions on WhatsApp could emerge in the future. Even if a complete ban does not materialize for private users, the government may resort to throttling internet traffic or complicating access through app stores and updates. This has raised concerns among many Russians who depend on WhatsApp for international communication, prompting some to explore VPNs and other tools to circumvent potential restrictions, reminiscent of their responses to the 2022 limitations on Facebook and Instagram.
The bigger picture: digital sovereignty
The decision to ban WhatsApp is part of a larger movement towards “digital sovereignty,” where nations aspire to control their own internet, applications, and data, reducing dependence on foreign technology. Over recent years, Russia has enacted “sovereign internet” laws, restricted access to Western social media platforms, and promoted the use of domestic alternatives. While the government argues that these measures are essential for protecting national interests and curbing foreign influence, critics contend that such actions stifle freedom of expression and limit access to global platforms. The potential ban on WhatsApp raises significant concerns about further isolating Russia’s internet from the international community.
