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Interactions with antivirus software occur during installation and when issues arise, while the software operates quietly in the background. Modern antivirus solutions continuously monitor for threats using various detection methods, including real-time scanning, which actively scrutinizes files as they are downloaded or accessed. The signature database is essential for identifying malware by comparing files against known signatures, but it can only detect documented threats. Heuristic detection and behavioral analysis help catch unknown malware by evaluating suspicious characteristics and monitoring file actions during execution. Sandboxing allows suspicious files to run in a controlled environment, logging their behavior to determine if they are malicious. Quarantine neutralizes threats by locking files in a secure location, allowing users to review them before deletion. Full scans are resource-intensive and can slow down system performance, while real-time scanning is less demanding. Users can schedule scans during idle times, exclude trusted folders, or consider cloud-based solutions to mitigate performance impacts.